TOR сигнальная система в растениях

Авторы

  • D. S. Alybayev Казахский национальный университет имени аль-Фараби, г. Алматы, Казахстан
  • A. K. Bissenbaev Казахский национальный университет имени аль-Фараби, г. Алматы, Казахстан

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2019-2-1413

Аннотация

Мишень рапамицина млекопитающих (Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)) представляет собой серин-треониновую киназу, которая функционирует в качестве центрального элемента в сигнальном пути, отвечающем за клеточную реакцию на стрессы и доступность питательных веществ/энергии, и обеспечивает соответствующие изменения процессов роста, пролиферации и выживания клеток, а также синтеза белка. До настоящего времени изучение молекулярных механизмов TOR сигнальной системы в основном было сосредоточено на клетках дрожжей и животных. Растительные организмы, в большинстве своем неподвижные и ограниченные к одному месту обитания, обязаны постоянно подстраивать темпы роста (выраженного в увеличении размеров органов) и развития (состоящего в формировании новых органов и структур) в зависимости от наличия питательных веществ. Кроме того, растения также преодолевают неблагоприятные внешние факторы, не имея возможности их физически избежать. TOR сигнальная система является центром регуляторных сетей поддержания баланса между защитой и ростом у всех эукариот. Следовательно, раскрытие молекулярных механизмов TOR сигнальной системы у растений является ключом к контролю устойчивости к стрессу и продуктивности растений. Последние достижения в изучении пути передачи сигналов TOR у растений позволяют предположить значительное совпадение клеточных процессов и процессов развития, которые регулируются TOR у растений, животных и людей. Целью данного обзора является раскрытие последних достижений в исследованиях пути передачи сигналов TOR у растений.

Ключевые слова: TOR, млекопитающие, растения, водоросли, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, рапамицин, аутофагия, раптор.

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2019-07-11

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