Callus formation in the culture of some forage grasses
Keywords:
alfalfa, clover, callusogenesisAbstract
In recent decades there has been a steady degradation of pastures and farmland. The most high-yielding food plants include alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pretense L.). The use of alfalfa and clover in crop rotations prevent salinization and the degradation of the soil. However, the lack of moisture conditions in spring and summer and high ambient temperature can significantly reduce seed germination and survival of young plants.Increased productivity and long-term stability of forage grass can be achieved using the methods of cell culture techniques and cell engineering. The aim of this work was to obtain callus from seeds and seedlings of white clover and alfalfa. It was study the influence of culture conditions on Murashige-Skoog medium and Gamborg (B5) on сallusogenesis by culturing different explants. We obtained callus cultures of the five genotypes of alfalfa and white clover (Trifolium repens L.).References
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2 Полюдина Р.И., Рожанская О.А., Потапов Д.А. Селекция кормовых культур в Сибири // Вестник ВОГиС. –2005. - Т. 9. № 3. - С.381-389.
3 Zhang W., Shehui F., Shan H., et al. Inflorescence Mutant Effect on Seed Yield Components in Alfalfa (Medicago
sativa L.) // Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. - 2013. - Vol. 12. - P. 377-381.
4 Ghorttapeh A. H., Taherifard E., Gerami F. Energy Efficiency in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Production System in
North West of Iran // Annals of Biological Research. - 2012. - Vol. 3.- № 5. - Р. 2469-2473.
5 Gonzalez F., Moreno V., Paniagua M., Paredes J., Prieto P.M. Prospecting and evaluation in degraded areas, of annual
forage legumes, fodder shrubs and perennial grasses typical from Extremadura /In : Etienne M. (ed.). Dynamics and
sustainability of Mediterranean pastoral systems. - Zaragoza : CIHEAM, 1999. - „Q. 283-285.
5 Michaud R., Lehman W.F., Rumbaugh M.D. World distrubition and historical development. Alfafa and alfalfa
improvement // Agronomy monograph. - 1988. - ‡‚ 29. - P. 25-91.
6 Benabderrahim M. A., Mansour H, Ali F. Diversity of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) populations in South Tunisia
// Pak J. Bot. - 2009. -Vol. 41. - P. 2851-2861.
7 Doole G.J., Pannell D.J. Role and value of including lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) phases in crop rotations for the management of herbicide-resistant Lolium rigidum in Western Australia // Agr.and Res.Econ.Work.Paper. - 2007. -„Q. 3-24.
8 Pannell D. J., M. A. Ewing. Managing secondary salinity management: 441 options and challenges // Agricultural
Water Management. - 2006. - ‡‚ 80. - „Q. 41-56.
9 Ward P. R., Micin S. F., Dunin F. X. Using soil, climate, and agronomy to predict soil water use by lucerne
compared with soil water use by annual crops or pastures // Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. - 2006. - ‡‚57.
- „Q. 347-354.
11 Lang J., Vejra.ka K. Yields and quality of forage legumes under imbalanced year precipitation conditions on South
Moravia // „@cta universitatis agriculturae et silviculturae mendelianae brunensis. - 2012. - Vol. 28, ‡‚60. - P.217-224.
12 Samac D.A., Austin-Phillips S. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) // Methods in Molecular Biology. Agrobacterium
Protocols . - 2006. - Vol. 343. - P. 301-312.
13 Seres A. The enrichment of the genetic map of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and its comparison with other Fabaceae
and Arabidopsis thaliana genetic maps // Acta Biologica Szegediensis. - 2003. - Vol. 47. - ‡‚1-4. - P. 83.
14 Monteiro M., Appezzato-da-Gloria B., Valarini M. J. et al. Plant regeneration from protoplasts of Alfalfa (Medicago
sativa) via somatic embryogenesis // Scientia Agricola . - 2003. - Vol. 60. N 4. - P. 683-689.
15 Carrillo J. C., Ojeda V. A., Campos-de Quiroz H. A., Ortega F. M. Optimization of a protocol for direct
organogenesis of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) meristems for breeding purposes // Biol.Res. - 2004. - Vol.37. - P.
45-51.
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