Biological active substances in the leaves and root of the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2018-4-1363Abstract
Currently relevant are studies of plants, which contain a large number of biological active substances of different composition, that are sources of biotechnological products. The main purpose of this research work in the conditions of model experience was to determine the level of accumulation of biologically active substances contained in the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes, distributed in the lakes of Almaty region. Eichhornia crassipes can be considered as a promising object of higher aquatic plants, for which the composition of biologically active substances has not yet been studied. The practical significance of the study is to determine the medical value of biologically active substances of plants in lakes and reservoirs.We have determined the quantitative and qualitative composition of biological active substances from vegetative aboveground (leaves and stems) and underground parts (roots) of Eichhornia crassipes plant. According to the results of qualitative indicators were identified the biological active substances prevailing in composition, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids and polysaccharides. According to the results of quantitative indicators, in the aboveground part of plants the content of tannins amounted to 6.73%, polysaccharides 5.91%, flavonoids 3.39%, phenolic acids 1.06%, coumarins 0.82%, the most common biological active materials are tannins 7.48%, polysaccharides 2.64%, anthraquinones 2.59%, proteins 0.73%, alkaloids 0.13%. The obtained results are used as laboratory work to perform laboratory work at for research experiments in the laboratory biotechnology specialties and to determine the content of biologically active substances of plants.
Keywords: Eichhornia crassipes, biologically active substances, tannins, polysaccharides.
References
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2 Adams D. C. et al.(2005) Bioeconomic Modeling of the Invasive Aquatic Plants Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla), Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), and Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) and their impacts on angler effort on Florida lakes // Annual meeting, July. P. 24-27.
3 Aravind R. K. et al. Detailed analysis on phytochemicals, antioxidants, antimicrobial activity of Eichhornia crassipes //Inter J Sci Res. – 2013. – Vol. 2. – P.17-19.
4 Baral B., Vaidya G. S. (2011) Biological and chemical assessment of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) Solms.) of Phewa Lake, Nepal //Sci World. – 2011. – Vol. 9. – P. 57-62.
5 Dahui Z.., Duanwei Y. Research Advances of Eichhornia crassipes and It's Utilization [J] //Journal of Huazhong Agricultural. – 2005. – Vol. 4. – P. 25
6 Dissanayake D., Ranaweera B., Amarasingha A. A. L. Effect of Sex Ratio in Neochetina bruchi Adult Population on their Performance for Biological Control of Eichhornia crassipes //Proceedings of 9th Agricultural Research Symposium. – 2009. – Vol. 368. – P. 372.
7 Hiba H. H., Kais Kassim Gh., Ali M. Photochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of some extracts of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaves// International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutical. June – 2013. – Vol. 4. – P. 1847 – 1851.
8 Hossain M. et al. In-Vitro Determination of Antioxidant Capacity for Methanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes, Lawsonia inermis L. and Cissus quadrangularis L : – East West University. – 2013. –P. 18-22
9 Isebe T. I. Phytochemical Composition And Antibacterial Activity Of Eichhornia Crassipes In Lake Victoria, Kisumu //International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. – 2016. – Vol. 4. – P. 45-52.
10 Lalitha P., Sripathi S. K., Jayanthi P. Acute toxicity study of extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) Solms // Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. – 2012. – Vol. 5. – P. 59-61.
11 Lata N. Antioxidants of Eichhornia crassipes: The World’s Worst Aquatic Weed //Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. – P. 20-24.
12 Lata N. et al. Isolation of flavonoids from Eichhornia crassipes: the world's worst aquatic plant //Journal of Pharmacy Research. – 2011. – Vol. 3. – P. 2116-2118.
13 Lata N., Dubey V. Quantification and identification of alkaloids of Eichhornia crassipes: the world’s worst aquatic plant //J Phar Res. – 2011. – Vol. 3. – P. 1229-1231.
14 Malar S. et al. Lead heavy metal toxicity induced changes on growth and antioxidative enzymes level in water hyacinths [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.)] //Botanical studies. – 2016. – Vol. 3. – P. 54
15 Mohanty K. et alBiosorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions by Eichhornia crassipes //Chemical Engineering Journal. – 2006. – Vol. 117. – P. 71-77.
16 Ogamba E. N. et al. Water quality, phytochemistry and proximate constituents of Eichhornia crassipes from Kolo creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria //International Journal of Applied Research and Technology. – 2015. – Vol. 4. – P. 77-84.
17 Shearer J. F. Is classical biocontrol using fungi a viable option for submersed aquatic plant management //Journal of Aquatic Plant Management. – 2008. – Vol. 46. – P. 202-205.
18 Shu X. et al. Comparative responses of two water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) cultivars to different planting densities //Aquatic Botany. – 2015. – Vol. 121. – P.1-8.
19 Thamaraiselvi P. et al. Preliminary studies on phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of solvent extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms //Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. – 2012. – Vol. 2. – P. 115-122.
20 Thorat L. J., Nath B. B. Effects of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes root extracts on midge Chironomus ramosus larvae: a preliminary note //Physiological entomology. – 2010. – Vol. 35. – P. 391-393.
21 Tulika T., Mala A. Pharmaceutical potential of aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes (L.) and Eichhornia crassipes //Journal of Plant Sciences. – 2015. – Vol. 3. – P. 10-18.
22 Yernazarova, G., Ramazanova, A., Anuarova, L., Korulkin, D., & Kudaibergenova, B. Method of use of biotechnological research (for example, biologically active substances of higher aquatic plants) in teaching Biology //Journal of Educational Sciences, – 2018. – Vol. 3. – P. 66-73.
23 Абдрахимова Й. Р., Валиева А. И. Вторичные метаболиты растений: физиологические и биохимические аспекты (часть 3. Фенольные соединения): Уч.-метод. пособие, под. ред /Багаевой ТВ—Казань: Казан ский федеральный университет. – 2010. –29c.
24 Валиева Н. Г. Лекарственные растения источники биологически активных веществ /Ученые записки Казанской государственной академии ветеринарной медицины им. Н.Э. Баумана– 2010. – T. 203. – 128c.
25 Музычкина Р.А., Корулькин Д.Ю., Абилов Ж.А. Качественный и количественный анализ основных групп БАВ в лекарственном растительном сырье и фитопрепаратах // Монография.- Алматы: Қазақ университеті, 2004. - 288 с.
26 Музычкина Р.А., Корулькин Д.Ю., Абилов Ж.А. Методология исследования растительных метаболитов.- Монография.- Алматы: MV-Print, 2012. - 324 с.
References
Abdrakhimova YU.A. R., Valiyeva A. I. (2010) Vtorichnyye biologicheskiye metabolity: fiziologicheskiye i biokhimicheskiye aspekty (chast' 3. Fenol'nyye soyedineniya): tretiy metod. posobiye, pod red // Bagayeva TV-Kazan': Kazanskiy federal'nyy universitet. P.29.
Aboul-Enein A. M. et al. (2011) Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) solms: from water parasite to potential medicinal remedy //Plant signaling & behavior. vol. 6. №. 6. pp. 834-836.
Adams D. C. et al.(2005) Bioeconomic Modeling of the Invasive Aquatic Plants Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla), Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), and Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) and their impacts on angler effort on Florida lakes // Annual meeting, July. pp. 24-27.
Aravind R. K. et al. (2013) Detailed analysis on phytochemicals, antioxidants, antimicrobial activity of Eichhornia crassipes //Inter J Sci Res. vol. 2. pp. 17-19.
Baral B., Vaidya G. S. (2011) Biological and chemical assessment of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) Solms.) of Phewa Lake, Nepal //Sci World. vol. 9. pp. 57-62.
Dahui Z.., Duanwei Y. (2005) Research Advances of Eichhornia crassipes and It's Utilization [J] //Journal of Huazhong Agricultural. vol. 4. pp. 025.
Dissanayake D., Ranaweera B., Amarasingha A. A. L. (2009) Effect of Sex Ratio in Neochetina bruchi Adult Population on their Performance for Biological Control of Eichhornia crassipes //Proceedings of 9th Agricultural Research Symposium. vol. 368.pp. 372.
Hiba H. H., Kais Kassim Gh., Ali M. (2013) Photochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of some extracts of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaves// International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutical. June vol. 4 /Issue. 6 / рp.1847 – 1851.
Hossain M. et al. (2012) In-Vitro Determination of Antioxidant Capacity for Methanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes, Lawsonia inermis L. and Cissus quadrangularis L : – East West University. pp. 18-22
Isebe T. I.(2016) Phytochemical Composition And Antibacterial Activity Of Eichhornia Crassipes In Lake Victoria, Kisumu //International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. vol. 4. №. 8.pp. 45-52.
Lalitha P., Sripathi S. K., Jayanthi P. (2012) Acute toxicity study of extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) Solms //Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. vol. 5. №. 4. pp. 59-61.
Lata N. (2014) Antioxidants of Eichhornia crassipes: The World’s Worst Aquatic Weed //Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences. vol. pp.20-24.
Lata N. et al. (2010) Isolation of flavonoids from Eichhornia crassipes: the world's worst aquatic plant //Journal of Pharmacy Research. vol. 3. №. 9. pp. 2116-2118.
Lata N., Dubey V. (2010) Quantification and identification of alkaloids of Eichhornia crassipes: the world’s worst aquatic plant //J Phar Res. vol. 3. pp. 1229-1231.
Malar S. et al. (2016) Lead heavy metal toxicity induced changes on growth and antioxidative enzymes level in water hyacinths [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.)] //Botanical studies.vol. 55. №. 1. P. 54.
Mohanty K. et al.(2006) Biosorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions by Eichhornia crassipes //Chemical Engineering Journal. vol. 117. №. 1.pp. 71-77.
Muzychkina R.A., Korulkin D.YU., Abilov ZH.A. (2004) Katchestvennyy i krupnomasshtabnyy analiz osnovnykh grupp lekarstv v farmatsevticheskikh preparatakh // Monografiya. - Almaty: Kazakhskiy universitet. P. 288.
Muzychkina R.A., Korulkin D.YU., Abilov ZH.A. (2010) Metodologiya issledovaniya rastitel'nykh metabolitov.- Monografiya. - Almaty: MV-Print, P 324 .
Ogamba E. N. et al. (2015) Water quality, phytochemistry and proximate constituents of Eichhornia crassipes from Kolo creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria //International Journal of Applied Research and Technology. vol. 4. №. 9. pp. 77-84.
Shearer J. F. (2008) Is classical biocontrol using fungi a viable option for submersed aquatic plant management //Journal of Aquatic Plant Management. vol. 46. pp 202-205.
Shu X. et al.(2015) Comparative responses of two water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) cultivars to different planting densities //Aquatic Botany. vol. 121. pp. 1-8.
Thamaraiselvi P. et al. (2012) Preliminary studies on phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of solvent extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms //Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. vol. 2. №. 2. pp. 115-122.
Thorat L. J., Nath B. B. (2010) Effects of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes root extracts on midge Chironomus ramosus larvae: a preliminary note //Physiological entomology. vol. 35. – №. 4. pp. 391-393.
Tulika T., Mala A. (2015) Pharmaceutical potential of aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes (L.) and Eichhornia crassipes //Journal of Plant Sciences. vol. 3. №. 1-1. pp. 10-18.
Valiyeva N. G. (2010) Vestnikovyye rasteniya istochnikov biologicheski aktivnykh veshchestv // Uchenyye zapissy Kazanskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii Veterinariya im. N. E. Bauman. - №. 203. P.128.
Yernazarova, G., Ramazanova, A., Anuarova, L., Korulkin, D., & Kudaibergenova, B. (2018). Method of use of biotechnological research (for example, biologically active substances of higher aquatic plants) in teaching Biology. Journal of Educational Sciences, 55(2),pp. 66-73.
2 Adams D. C. et al.(2005) Bioeconomic Modeling of the Invasive Aquatic Plants Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla), Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), and Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) and their impacts on angler effort on Florida lakes // Annual meeting, July. P. 24-27.
3 Aravind R. K. et al. Detailed analysis on phytochemicals, antioxidants, antimicrobial activity of Eichhornia crassipes //Inter J Sci Res. – 2013. – Vol. 2. – P.17-19.
4 Baral B., Vaidya G. S. (2011) Biological and chemical assessment of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) Solms.) of Phewa Lake, Nepal //Sci World. – 2011. – Vol. 9. – P. 57-62.
5 Dahui Z.., Duanwei Y. Research Advances of Eichhornia crassipes and It's Utilization [J] //Journal of Huazhong Agricultural. – 2005. – Vol. 4. – P. 25
6 Dissanayake D., Ranaweera B., Amarasingha A. A. L. Effect of Sex Ratio in Neochetina bruchi Adult Population on their Performance for Biological Control of Eichhornia crassipes //Proceedings of 9th Agricultural Research Symposium. – 2009. – Vol. 368. – P. 372.
7 Hiba H. H., Kais Kassim Gh., Ali M. Photochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of some extracts of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaves// International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutical. June – 2013. – Vol. 4. – P. 1847 – 1851.
8 Hossain M. et al. In-Vitro Determination of Antioxidant Capacity for Methanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes, Lawsonia inermis L. and Cissus quadrangularis L : – East West University. – 2013. –P. 18-22
9 Isebe T. I. Phytochemical Composition And Antibacterial Activity Of Eichhornia Crassipes In Lake Victoria, Kisumu //International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. – 2016. – Vol. 4. – P. 45-52.
10 Lalitha P., Sripathi S. K., Jayanthi P. Acute toxicity study of extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) Solms // Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. – 2012. – Vol. 5. – P. 59-61.
11 Lata N. Antioxidants of Eichhornia crassipes: The World’s Worst Aquatic Weed //Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. – P. 20-24.
12 Lata N. et al. Isolation of flavonoids from Eichhornia crassipes: the world's worst aquatic plant //Journal of Pharmacy Research. – 2011. – Vol. 3. – P. 2116-2118.
13 Lata N., Dubey V. Quantification and identification of alkaloids of Eichhornia crassipes: the world’s worst aquatic plant //J Phar Res. – 2011. – Vol. 3. – P. 1229-1231.
14 Malar S. et al. Lead heavy metal toxicity induced changes on growth and antioxidative enzymes level in water hyacinths [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.)] //Botanical studies. – 2016. – Vol. 3. – P. 54
15 Mohanty K. et alBiosorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions by Eichhornia crassipes //Chemical Engineering Journal. – 2006. – Vol. 117. – P. 71-77.
16 Ogamba E. N. et al. Water quality, phytochemistry and proximate constituents of Eichhornia crassipes from Kolo creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria //International Journal of Applied Research and Technology. – 2015. – Vol. 4. – P. 77-84.
17 Shearer J. F. Is classical biocontrol using fungi a viable option for submersed aquatic plant management //Journal of Aquatic Plant Management. – 2008. – Vol. 46. – P. 202-205.
18 Shu X. et al. Comparative responses of two water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) cultivars to different planting densities //Aquatic Botany. – 2015. – Vol. 121. – P.1-8.
19 Thamaraiselvi P. et al. Preliminary studies on phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of solvent extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms //Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. – 2012. – Vol. 2. – P. 115-122.
20 Thorat L. J., Nath B. B. Effects of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes root extracts on midge Chironomus ramosus larvae: a preliminary note //Physiological entomology. – 2010. – Vol. 35. – P. 391-393.
21 Tulika T., Mala A. Pharmaceutical potential of aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes (L.) and Eichhornia crassipes //Journal of Plant Sciences. – 2015. – Vol. 3. – P. 10-18.
22 Yernazarova, G., Ramazanova, A., Anuarova, L., Korulkin, D., & Kudaibergenova, B. Method of use of biotechnological research (for example, biologically active substances of higher aquatic plants) in teaching Biology //Journal of Educational Sciences, – 2018. – Vol. 3. – P. 66-73.
23 Абдрахимова Й. Р., Валиева А. И. Вторичные метаболиты растений: физиологические и биохимические аспекты (часть 3. Фенольные соединения): Уч.-метод. пособие, под. ред /Багаевой ТВ—Казань: Казан ский федеральный университет. – 2010. –29c.
24 Валиева Н. Г. Лекарственные растения источники биологически активных веществ /Ученые записки Казанской государственной академии ветеринарной медицины им. Н.Э. Баумана– 2010. – T. 203. – 128c.
25 Музычкина Р.А., Корулькин Д.Ю., Абилов Ж.А. Качественный и количественный анализ основных групп БАВ в лекарственном растительном сырье и фитопрепаратах // Монография.- Алматы: Қазақ университеті, 2004. - 288 с.
26 Музычкина Р.А., Корулькин Д.Ю., Абилов Ж.А. Методология исследования растительных метаболитов.- Монография.- Алматы: MV-Print, 2012. - 324 с.
References
Abdrakhimova YU.A. R., Valiyeva A. I. (2010) Vtorichnyye biologicheskiye metabolity: fiziologicheskiye i biokhimicheskiye aspekty (chast' 3. Fenol'nyye soyedineniya): tretiy metod. posobiye, pod red // Bagayeva TV-Kazan': Kazanskiy federal'nyy universitet. P.29.
Aboul-Enein A. M. et al. (2011) Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) solms: from water parasite to potential medicinal remedy //Plant signaling & behavior. vol. 6. №. 6. pp. 834-836.
Adams D. C. et al.(2005) Bioeconomic Modeling of the Invasive Aquatic Plants Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla), Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), and Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) and their impacts on angler effort on Florida lakes // Annual meeting, July. pp. 24-27.
Aravind R. K. et al. (2013) Detailed analysis on phytochemicals, antioxidants, antimicrobial activity of Eichhornia crassipes //Inter J Sci Res. vol. 2. pp. 17-19.
Baral B., Vaidya G. S. (2011) Biological and chemical assessment of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) Solms.) of Phewa Lake, Nepal //Sci World. vol. 9. pp. 57-62.
Dahui Z.., Duanwei Y. (2005) Research Advances of Eichhornia crassipes and It's Utilization [J] //Journal of Huazhong Agricultural. vol. 4. pp. 025.
Dissanayake D., Ranaweera B., Amarasingha A. A. L. (2009) Effect of Sex Ratio in Neochetina bruchi Adult Population on their Performance for Biological Control of Eichhornia crassipes //Proceedings of 9th Agricultural Research Symposium. vol. 368.pp. 372.
Hiba H. H., Kais Kassim Gh., Ali M. (2013) Photochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of some extracts of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaves// International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutical. June vol. 4 /Issue. 6 / рp.1847 – 1851.
Hossain M. et al. (2012) In-Vitro Determination of Antioxidant Capacity for Methanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes, Lawsonia inermis L. and Cissus quadrangularis L : – East West University. pp. 18-22
Isebe T. I.(2016) Phytochemical Composition And Antibacterial Activity Of Eichhornia Crassipes In Lake Victoria, Kisumu //International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. vol. 4. №. 8.pp. 45-52.
Lalitha P., Sripathi S. K., Jayanthi P. (2012) Acute toxicity study of extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) Solms //Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. vol. 5. №. 4. pp. 59-61.
Lata N. (2014) Antioxidants of Eichhornia crassipes: The World’s Worst Aquatic Weed //Journal of Medical Biomedical and Applied Sciences. vol. pp.20-24.
Lata N. et al. (2010) Isolation of flavonoids from Eichhornia crassipes: the world's worst aquatic plant //Journal of Pharmacy Research. vol. 3. №. 9. pp. 2116-2118.
Lata N., Dubey V. (2010) Quantification and identification of alkaloids of Eichhornia crassipes: the world’s worst aquatic plant //J Phar Res. vol. 3. pp. 1229-1231.
Malar S. et al. (2016) Lead heavy metal toxicity induced changes on growth and antioxidative enzymes level in water hyacinths [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.)] //Botanical studies.vol. 55. №. 1. P. 54.
Mohanty K. et al.(2006) Biosorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions by Eichhornia crassipes //Chemical Engineering Journal. vol. 117. №. 1.pp. 71-77.
Muzychkina R.A., Korulkin D.YU., Abilov ZH.A. (2004) Katchestvennyy i krupnomasshtabnyy analiz osnovnykh grupp lekarstv v farmatsevticheskikh preparatakh // Monografiya. - Almaty: Kazakhskiy universitet. P. 288.
Muzychkina R.A., Korulkin D.YU., Abilov ZH.A. (2010) Metodologiya issledovaniya rastitel'nykh metabolitov.- Monografiya. - Almaty: MV-Print, P 324 .
Ogamba E. N. et al. (2015) Water quality, phytochemistry and proximate constituents of Eichhornia crassipes from Kolo creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria //International Journal of Applied Research and Technology. vol. 4. №. 9. pp. 77-84.
Shearer J. F. (2008) Is classical biocontrol using fungi a viable option for submersed aquatic plant management //Journal of Aquatic Plant Management. vol. 46. pp 202-205.
Shu X. et al.(2015) Comparative responses of two water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) cultivars to different planting densities //Aquatic Botany. vol. 121. pp. 1-8.
Thamaraiselvi P. et al. (2012) Preliminary studies on phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of solvent extracts of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms //Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. vol. 2. №. 2. pp. 115-122.
Thorat L. J., Nath B. B. (2010) Effects of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes root extracts on midge Chironomus ramosus larvae: a preliminary note //Physiological entomology. vol. 35. – №. 4. pp. 391-393.
Tulika T., Mala A. (2015) Pharmaceutical potential of aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes (L.) and Eichhornia crassipes //Journal of Plant Sciences. vol. 3. №. 1-1. pp. 10-18.
Valiyeva N. G. (2010) Vestnikovyye rasteniya istochnikov biologicheski aktivnykh veshchestv // Uchenyye zapissy Kazanskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii Veterinariya im. N. E. Bauman. - №. 203. P.128.
Yernazarova, G., Ramazanova, A., Anuarova, L., Korulkin, D., & Kudaibergenova, B. (2018). Method of use of biotechnological research (for example, biologically active substances of higher aquatic plants) in teaching Biology. Journal of Educational Sciences, 55(2),pp. 66-73.
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How to Cite
Ramazanova, A. A., Yernazarova, G. I., & Turasheva, S. K. (2019). Biological active substances in the leaves and root of the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes. Experimental Biology, 77(4), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2018-4-1363
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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
