АДАПТАЦИЯ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ ЯРОВОЙ МЯГКОЙ И ТВЕРДОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ УСЛОВИЙ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ И РОССИИ

D.D.  Altybayeva; V.A.  Chudinov; V.P.  Shamanin; T.V.  Savin; I.A.  Belan; N.I.  Korobeynikov; М.А.  Rozova; V.I.  Tsygankov; V.S.  Yusov; A.I.  Morgounov

doi:10.26577/bb20251056

Authors

D.D. Altybayeva Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2946-417X
V.A. Chudinov Karabalyk Agricultural Enterprise, Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6740-8383
V.P. Shamanin Omsk State Agrarian University named after Stolypin, Omsk, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4767-9957
T.V. Savin Research and Production Center of Grain Farming, Shortandy, Akmola region, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3550-647X
I.A. Belan Omsk Agrarian Research Center, Omsk, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-4199
N.I. Korobeynikov Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, Barnaul, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3752-4548
М.А. Rozova Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, Barnaul, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0119-5693
V.I. Tsygankov Aktobe Agricultural Enterprise, Aktobe, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3652-3888
V.S. Yusov Omsk Agrarian Research Center, Omsk, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4159-3872
A.I. Morgounov Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7082-5655

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26577/bb20251056

5 8

Keywords:

spring bread wheat, spring durum wheat, adaptation, productivity, correlation, weather conditions.

Abstract

The study is devoted to a comparative analysis of adaptation and productivity of spring bread (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum (Triticum durum Desf.) wheat in the agroecological conditions of Kazakhstan and Russia. The aim of the work was to determine the differences between these crops in response to growing conditions in the main cultivation regions in order to increase the efficiency of breeding and production. The scientific and practical significance of the work lies in identifying the specific features of adaptation of each wheat species, which will allow a more informed approach to their placement in crop rotations and the development of varietal technologies. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the results of long-term (2005-2024) field experiments of the Kazakhstan-Siberian Network for Spring Wheat Improvement (KASIB) in four scientific institutions: Karabalyk Agricultural Experimental Station (AES), Aktobe AES (Kazakhstan), Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnologies and Omsk Agricultural Research Center (Russia). The results showed that spring bread wheat in Kazakhstan conditions demonstrates higher yield than durum (by 7-21%), even though durum wheat forms taller plants and has a larger 1000 grain weight. In Western Siberia (Altai Territory), durum wheat outperformed bread wheat in yield by 8.6%. A strong positive correlation was established between yield and plant height, 1000 grain weight in both wheat species. Higher sensitivity of spring bread wheat to elevated air temperatures in June and for the May-July period was revealed. The value of the study lies in a comprehensive comparative analysis of two species grown under identical conditions, which allowed identifying their specific response to environmental factors. The practical significance of the work consists in the possibility of a more informed choice of wheat species for specific agroecological conditions and the development of breeding strategies specific to each species.

Author Biographies

D.D. Altybayeva , Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Altybaeva Dina Donenbaevna, Master's Degree Student of the Department of Biodiversity, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: dina.altybayeva@gmail.com)

V.A. Chudinov , Karabalyk Agricultural Enterprise, Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan

Chudinov Vladimir Anatolyevich, Head of the Breeding Department of the Karabalyk Agricultural Experimental Station, Kostanay region, Kazakhstan, e-mail: ch.den@mail.ru.

V.P. Shamanin , Omsk State Agrarian University named after Stolypin, Omsk, Russia

Vladimir P. Shamanin, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Agronomy, Breeding and Seed Production, Director of the International Breeding and Genetic Center of the Omsk State Agrarian University, Omsk, Russia, e-mail: vp.shamanin@omgau.org.

T.V. Savin , Research and Production Center of Grain Farming, Shortandy, Akmola region, Kazakhstan

Savin Timur Vladimirovich, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Program Manager of the Scientific and Practical Center of Grain Farming named after A.I. Barayev, Shortandy village, Akmola region, Kazakhstan, e-mail: savintimur_83@mail.ru.

I.A. Belan , Omsk Agrarian Research Center, Omsk, Russia

Igor A. Belan, Ph.D. in Agriculture, Head of the Laboratory of Spring Bread Wheat Breeding, Omsk ASC, Omsk, Russia, e-mail: belan_skg@mail.ru.

N.I. Korobeynikov , Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, Barnaul, Russia

Korobeynikov Nikolay Ivanovich, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Altai Breeding Center and the Laboratory of Spring Bread Wheat Breeding of the Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, Barnaul, Scientific City, Russia, e-mail: korobeinikovni@mail.ru.

М.А. Rozova , Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, Barnaul, Russia

Rozova Margarita Anatolyevna, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Spring Durum Wheat Breeding of the Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, Barnaul, Scientific City, Russia, e-mail: mrosova@yandex.ru.

V.I. Tsygankov , Aktobe Agricultural Enterprise, Aktobe, Kazakhstan

Tsygankov Vladimir Igorevich, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Corresponding Member. NAAS of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Head of the Department of Breeding and Primary Seed Production, Aktobe Agricultural Experimental Station, Aktobe, Kazakhstan; e-mail: [email protected] Mail: zigan60@mail.ru.

V.S. Yusov , Omsk Agrarian Research Center, Omsk, Russia

Yusov Vadim Stanislavovich, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Spring Durum Wheat Breeding, Omsk ASC, Omsk, Russia, e-mail: yusov@anc55.ru)

A.I. Morgounov , Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Моргунов Алексей Иванович (корреспондент автор), ауыл шаруашылығы ғылымдарының кандидаты, ботаника кафедрасының оқытушысы, Әл-Фараби Қазақ ұлттық университеті, Алматы, Қазақстан, электрондық пошта: alexey.morgounov@gmail.com.