The influence of excessive body weight on the parameters of circadian hemodynamic rhythms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2018-2-1329Abstract
In terms of the attributable number of deaths, the main risk factor for non-communicable diseases globally is hypertension, obesity and obesity follow it in importance. In this study we studied the influence of body mass index indices on the circadian rhythms of the basic parameters of the hemodynamics. Practically healthy volunteer students of both sexes (N = 78), aged 17 to 27, with an average age of 20.7 ± 2.78 years, predominantly Kazakh ethnicity (97%) took part in the studies. Students with normal body mass index (BMI) in this age group are about 66% of the studied population, also we identified students with insufficient body weight (deficiency), with a body mass index in the range 16-18.5, their percentage was 12.3% of this sample. The percentage of students with overweight was 20%, obese students were 1.54% of this sample. According 7-days ABPM data the mean values of MESORs in overweight female students are higher, but do not have statistically significant differences comparing with normal weight students, vascular variability anomalies (Circadian Hyper_Amplitude_Tension (CHAT), ecphasia) also do not correlate with BMI in young women. However, young men have positive positive correlations between hemodynamic parameters (SBP, DBP and DP) and body mass index.
Key words: overweight, chronostructure, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, young people
References
1 Kearney P.M., Whelton M., Reynolds K., Muntner P., Whelton P., He J.. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. // Lancet. – 2005. - Vol.365. – p.217-223.
2 Murray C.J.L., Lopez A.D. Global comparative assessments in the health sector: disease burden, expenditures and intervention packages. // Geneva: WHO. – 1994. – P. 141–156
3 Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, deaths per 100,000. Data by country // World Health Organization. 2017 http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A865?lang=en
4 Здоровье населения Республики Казахстан и деятельность организаций здравоохранения в 2012 году. // Стат. Жинақ - Астана, 2013. - 316 б.-қазақша, орысша
5 Thom T., Haase N., Rosamond W., Howard V.J. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2006 update: a report from the American heart association statistics committee and stroke statistics subcommittee // Circulation. – 2006. – Vol.113. - Р. 85-151.
6 Noncommunicable diseases // World health organization. Media Centre. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/en/
7 Galani С., Schneider H. Prevention and treatment of obesity with lifestyle interventions: review and meta-analysis // Int J Public Health. – 2007. – Vol. 52. – P. 348–359
8 WHO Expert Committee. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry.// World Health Organization Technical Report Series. World Health Organization. 1995.- Vol. 854. – P.452
9 Cornelissen G., Otsuka K., Halberg F. Blood pressure and heart rate chronome mapping: a complement to the human genome initiative. // Chronocardiology and Chronomedicine: Humans in Time and Cosmos. Tokyo: Life Science Publishing. - 1993. - P. 16-48.
10 Cornelissen G., Halberg F., Bakken E.E., Singh R.B., Otsuka K., Tomlinson B., Delcourt A., Toussaint G., Bathina S., Schwartzkopff O., Wang Z.R., Tarquini R., Perfetto F., Pantaleoni G.C., Jozsa R., Delmore P.A., Nolley E. 100 or 30 years after Janeway or Bartter, Healthwatch helps avoid "flying blind" // Biomed & Pharmacother. – 2004. – Vol. 58 (Suppl 1). – P. 69-86.
11 Halberg F., Cornelissen G., Otsuka K., Siegelova J., Fiser B., Dusek J., Homolka P., Sanchez de la Pena S., Singh R.B., BIOCOS project. Extended consensus on means and need to detect vascular variability disorders (VVDs) and vascular variability syndromes (VVSs). // Leibniz-Online. – 2009. - Nr. 5, 2009. – P. 1-35
12 Halberg F. Chronobiology: methodological problems // Acta med rom. – 1980. – Vol.18. – P.399-440.
13 Cornelissen G, Halberg F. Chronomedicine. In: Armitage P, Colton T. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics // Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. - 2005. - P. 796-812.
14 Refinetti R, Cornelissen G, Halberg F. Procedures for numerical analysis of circadian rhythms. // Biological Rhythm Research. - 2007. – Vol. 38 (4). – P. 275-325.
15 Gumarova L, Cornelissen G, Halberg F, Mansharipova A, Otsuka K, Syutkina E, Masalov A, Chibisov S, Frolov V. Duration of ABPM as an important prerequisite for a reliable diagnosis of vascular variability disorders (VVDs). // Вестник РУДН, серия Медицина. – 2013. - №1. - C.27-33
16 Martins D., Tareen N., Pan D.Y., Norris K. The relationship between body mass index and pulse pressure in older adults with isolated systolic hypertension // American Journal Of Hypertension. – 2002. – Vol.15. - Issue 6. – P. 538-543
17 Казахская академия питания. Избыточная масса тела и ожирение в Казахстане. // Министерство образования и науки Республики Казахстан. – 2017 - 8 с. https://www.zdrav.kz/sites/default/files/медиа_рус.pdf
18 Fursov К., Ospanov O., Fursov A. Prevalence of obesity in Kazakhstan // Australasian Medical Journal. – 2017. – Vol.10(11). – P.916-920
19 Falkner B., Gidding S.S., Ramirez-Garnica G., Wiltrout S.A., West D., Rappaport E.B. The relationship of body mass index and blood pressure in primary care pediatric patients. // The Journal of Pediatrics. – 2006. – Vol. 148, Issue 2. – P. 195-200
20 Denney-Wilson E., Hardy L.L., Dobbins T., Okely A.D., Baur L.A. Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents. // Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. – 2008. – Vol.162(6). – P.566-73
21 WHO Expert Consultation. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies // Lancet. – 2004. - Vol 363. - Issue 9403.- P.157-63
22 Kevin R. Fontaine, David T. Redden, Chenxi Wang, Andrew O. Westfall, David B. Allison. Years of Life Lost Due to obesity. // JAMA. – 2003. – Vol. 289(2). – P. 187–193.
23 Аргынбаев Х., Исмагулов О. Казахи. // Народы мира: историко-этнографический справочник. М.: Советская энциклопедия. - 1988. — с. 194-196
24 Lagranha C.J., Silva T.L.A., Silva S.C.A., Braz G.R.F., da Silva A.I, Fernandes M.P., Sellitti D.F. Protective effects of estrogen against cardiovascular disease mediated via oxidative stress in the brain // Life Sciences. - 2018, Vol.192. - P 190-198
25 Filardo E.J., Thomas P. GPR30: a seven-transmembrane-spanning estrogen receptor that triggers EGF release // Trends Endocrinol. Metab. – 2005. – Vol.16 (8). - P. 362-367
26 Revankar C.M., Cimino D.F., Sklar L.A., Arterburn J.B., Prossnitz E.R. A transmembrane intracellular estrogen receptor mediates rapid cell signaling // Science. – 2005. – Vol. 307 (5715). - P. 1625-1630
27 Mifflin S.W. Arterial chemoreceptor input to nucleus tractus solitaries // American Journal of Physiology. – 1992. – Vol. 263 (2 Pt 2). – P. 368-375
28 Ciriello J., Schultz C.G., Roder S. Collateral axonal projections from ventrolateral medullary non-catecholaminergic neurons to central nucleus of the amygdala // Brain Research. – 1994. – Vol. 663, No. 2. - P. 346-351
29 Machado B.H., Mauad H., Chianca Junior D.A., Haibara A.S., Colombari E.. Autonomic processing of the cardiovascular reflexes in the nucleus tractus solitarii // Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. – 1997. – Vol. 30 (4). - P. 533-543
30 Colombari E., Menani J.V., Talman W.T. Commissural NTS contributes to pressor responses to glutamate injected into the medial NTS of awake rats // Am. J. Phys. – 1996. – Vol. 270, P. 1220-1225.
References
1. Argynbayev H., Ismagulov О. (1988) Kazahi. Narody mira: istoriko-etnograficheskiy spravochnik. М.: Sovetskaja encyklopedija, pp. 194-196
2. Ciriello J., Schultz C.G., Roder S. (1994) Collateral axonal projections from ventrolateral medullary non-catecholaminergic neurons to central nucleus of the amygdala. Brain Res., vol. 663 (2), pp. 346-351
3. Colombari E., Menani J.V., Talman W.T. (1996) Commissural NTS contributes to pressor responses to glutamate injected into the medial NTS of awake rats. Am. J. Phys., Vol. 270 (6 Pt 2), pp. R1220-1225
4. Cornelissen G., Halberg F. (2005) Chronomedicine. In: Armitage P, Colton T. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 796-812.
5. Cornelissen G., Halberg F., Bakken E.E., Singh R.B., Otsuka K., Tomlinson B., Delcourt A., Toussaint G., Bathina S., Schwartzkopff O., Wang Z.R., Tarquini R., Perfetto F., Pantaleoni G.C., Jozsa R., Delmore P.A., Nolley E. (2004) 100 or 30 years after Janeway or Bartter, Healthwatch helps avoid "flying blind". Biomed & Pharmacother., vol. 58 (Suppl 1), pp. S69-S86.
6. Cornelissen G., Otsuka K., Halberg F. (1993) Blood pressure and heart rate chronome mapping: a complement to the human genome initiative. Chronocardiology and Chronomedicine: Humans in Time and Cosmos. Tokyo: Life Science Publishing., pp. 16-48.
7. Denney-Wilson E., Hardy L.L., Dobbins T., Okely A.D., Baur L.A. (2008) Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med., vol.162(6), pp.566-573
8. Falkner B., Gidding S.S., Ramirez-Garnica G., Wiltrout S.A., West D., Rappaport E.B. (2006) The relationship of body mass index and blood pressure in primary care pediatric patients. The Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 148, issue 2, pp. 195-200
9. Filardo E.J., Thomas P. (2005) GPR30: a seven-transmembrane-spanning estrogen receptor that triggers EGF release. Trends Endocrinol. Metab., vol.16 (8), pp. 362-367
10. Fursov К., Ospanov O., Fursov A.(2017) Prevalence of obesity in Kazakhstan. Australasian Medical Journal, vol.10(11), pp.916-920
11. Galani С., Schneider H. (2007) Prevention and treatment of obesity with lifestyle interventions: review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health, vol. 52, pp. 348–359
12. Global Health Observatory Data Repository (2017) Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, deaths per 100,000. Data by country. World Health Organization, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A865?lang=en
13. Gumarova L., Cornelissen G., Halberg F., Mansharipova A., Otsuka K., Syutkina E., Masalov A., Chibisov S., Frolov V. (2013) Duration of ABPM as an important prerequisite for a reliable diagnosis of vascular variability disorders (VVDs). Bulletin of PFUR, Series Medical, №1, pp.27-33
14. Halberg F. (1980) Chronobiology: methodological problems. Acta med rom, vol.18, pp.399-440.
15. Halberg F., Cornelissen G., Otsuka K., Siegelova J., Fiser B., Dusek J., Homolka P., Sanchez de la Pena S., Singh R.B., BIOCOS project (2009) Extended consensus on means and need to detect vascular variability disorders (VVDs) and vascular variability syndromes (VVSs). Leibniz-Online, Nr. 5, pp. 1-35
16. Kazakhskaya akademiya pitaniya (2017) Izbytochnaya massa tela I ozhiraniye v Kazakhstane. Ministerstvo obrazovaniya I nauki Respubliki Kazakhstan, pp.1-8. https://www.zdrav.kz/sites/default/files/медиа_рус.pdf
17. Kearney P.M., Whelton M., Reynolds K., Muntner P., Whelton P., He J. (2005) Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet, vol.365, pp.217-223.
18. Kevin R. Fontaine, David T. Redden, Chenxi Wang, Andrew O. Westfall, David B. Allison (2003) Years of Life Lost Due to obesity. JAMA, vol. 289(2), pp. 187–193.
19. Lagranha C.J., Silva T.L.A., Silva S.C.A., Braz G.R.F., da Silva A.I., Fernandes M.P., Sellitti D.F. (2018) Protective effects of estrogen against cardiovascular disease mediated via oxidative stress in the brain. Life Sciences, vol.192, pp. 190-198
20. Machado B.H., Mauad H., Chianca Junior D.A., Haibara A.S., Colombari E. (1997) Autonomic processing of the cardiovascular reflexes in the nucleus tractus solitarii. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., vol. 30 (4), pp. 533-543
21. Martins D., Tareen N., Pan D.Y., Norris K. (2002) The relationship between body mass index and pulse pressure in older adults with isolated systolic hypertension. American Journal Of Hypertension, vol.15, issue 6, pp. 538-543
22. Mifflin S.W. (1992) Arterial chemoreceptor input to nucleus tractus solitaries. Am. J. Phys., vol. 263 (2 Pt 2), pp. R368-R375
23. Murray C.J.L, Lopez A.D. (1994) Global comparative assessments in the health sector: disease burden, expenditures and intervention packages. Geneva: WHO, pp. 141–156.
24. Noncommunicable diseases. World health organizabion. Media centre. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/en/
25. Refinetti R., Cornelissen G., Halberg F. (2007) Procedures for numerical analysis of circadian rhythms. Biological Rhythm Research, vol. 38 (4), pp. 275-325.
26. Revankar C.M., Cimino D.F., Sklar L.A., Arterburn J.B., Prossnitz E.R. (2005) A transmembrane intracellular estrogen receptor mediates rapid cell signaling. Science, vol. 307 (5715), pp. 1625-1630
27. Thom T., Haase N., Rosamond W., Howard V.J., et al. (2006) Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2006 update: a report from the American heart association statistics committee and stroke statistics subcommittee. Circulation, vol.113, pp. 85-151.
28. WHO Expert Committee. (1995) Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry.// World Health Organization Technical Report Series. World Health Organization, vol. 854, pp.452
29. WHO Expert Consultation. (2004) Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet, vol 363, issue 9403, pp.157-163
30. Zdorovje naselenija Respubliki Kazakhstan i deyatelnost organozatcij zdravoohraneniya v 2012 godu. (2013) Stat. Zhinak, Astana, pp. 316
2 Murray C.J.L., Lopez A.D. Global comparative assessments in the health sector: disease burden, expenditures and intervention packages. // Geneva: WHO. – 1994. – P. 141–156
3 Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, deaths per 100,000. Data by country // World Health Organization. 2017 http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A865?lang=en
4 Здоровье населения Республики Казахстан и деятельность организаций здравоохранения в 2012 году. // Стат. Жинақ - Астана, 2013. - 316 б.-қазақша, орысша
5 Thom T., Haase N., Rosamond W., Howard V.J. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2006 update: a report from the American heart association statistics committee and stroke statistics subcommittee // Circulation. – 2006. – Vol.113. - Р. 85-151.
6 Noncommunicable diseases // World health organization. Media Centre. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/en/
7 Galani С., Schneider H. Prevention and treatment of obesity with lifestyle interventions: review and meta-analysis // Int J Public Health. – 2007. – Vol. 52. – P. 348–359
8 WHO Expert Committee. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry.// World Health Organization Technical Report Series. World Health Organization. 1995.- Vol. 854. – P.452
9 Cornelissen G., Otsuka K., Halberg F. Blood pressure and heart rate chronome mapping: a complement to the human genome initiative. // Chronocardiology and Chronomedicine: Humans in Time and Cosmos. Tokyo: Life Science Publishing. - 1993. - P. 16-48.
10 Cornelissen G., Halberg F., Bakken E.E., Singh R.B., Otsuka K., Tomlinson B., Delcourt A., Toussaint G., Bathina S., Schwartzkopff O., Wang Z.R., Tarquini R., Perfetto F., Pantaleoni G.C., Jozsa R., Delmore P.A., Nolley E. 100 or 30 years after Janeway or Bartter, Healthwatch helps avoid "flying blind" // Biomed & Pharmacother. – 2004. – Vol. 58 (Suppl 1). – P. 69-86.
11 Halberg F., Cornelissen G., Otsuka K., Siegelova J., Fiser B., Dusek J., Homolka P., Sanchez de la Pena S., Singh R.B., BIOCOS project. Extended consensus on means and need to detect vascular variability disorders (VVDs) and vascular variability syndromes (VVSs). // Leibniz-Online. – 2009. - Nr. 5, 2009. – P. 1-35
12 Halberg F. Chronobiology: methodological problems // Acta med rom. – 1980. – Vol.18. – P.399-440.
13 Cornelissen G, Halberg F. Chronomedicine. In: Armitage P, Colton T. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics // Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. - 2005. - P. 796-812.
14 Refinetti R, Cornelissen G, Halberg F. Procedures for numerical analysis of circadian rhythms. // Biological Rhythm Research. - 2007. – Vol. 38 (4). – P. 275-325.
15 Gumarova L, Cornelissen G, Halberg F, Mansharipova A, Otsuka K, Syutkina E, Masalov A, Chibisov S, Frolov V. Duration of ABPM as an important prerequisite for a reliable diagnosis of vascular variability disorders (VVDs). // Вестник РУДН, серия Медицина. – 2013. - №1. - C.27-33
16 Martins D., Tareen N., Pan D.Y., Norris K. The relationship between body mass index and pulse pressure in older adults with isolated systolic hypertension // American Journal Of Hypertension. – 2002. – Vol.15. - Issue 6. – P. 538-543
17 Казахская академия питания. Избыточная масса тела и ожирение в Казахстане. // Министерство образования и науки Республики Казахстан. – 2017 - 8 с. https://www.zdrav.kz/sites/default/files/медиа_рус.pdf
18 Fursov К., Ospanov O., Fursov A. Prevalence of obesity in Kazakhstan // Australasian Medical Journal. – 2017. – Vol.10(11). – P.916-920
19 Falkner B., Gidding S.S., Ramirez-Garnica G., Wiltrout S.A., West D., Rappaport E.B. The relationship of body mass index and blood pressure in primary care pediatric patients. // The Journal of Pediatrics. – 2006. – Vol. 148, Issue 2. – P. 195-200
20 Denney-Wilson E., Hardy L.L., Dobbins T., Okely A.D., Baur L.A. Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents. // Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. – 2008. – Vol.162(6). – P.566-73
21 WHO Expert Consultation. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies // Lancet. – 2004. - Vol 363. - Issue 9403.- P.157-63
22 Kevin R. Fontaine, David T. Redden, Chenxi Wang, Andrew O. Westfall, David B. Allison. Years of Life Lost Due to obesity. // JAMA. – 2003. – Vol. 289(2). – P. 187–193.
23 Аргынбаев Х., Исмагулов О. Казахи. // Народы мира: историко-этнографический справочник. М.: Советская энциклопедия. - 1988. — с. 194-196
24 Lagranha C.J., Silva T.L.A., Silva S.C.A., Braz G.R.F., da Silva A.I, Fernandes M.P., Sellitti D.F. Protective effects of estrogen against cardiovascular disease mediated via oxidative stress in the brain // Life Sciences. - 2018, Vol.192. - P 190-198
25 Filardo E.J., Thomas P. GPR30: a seven-transmembrane-spanning estrogen receptor that triggers EGF release // Trends Endocrinol. Metab. – 2005. – Vol.16 (8). - P. 362-367
26 Revankar C.M., Cimino D.F., Sklar L.A., Arterburn J.B., Prossnitz E.R. A transmembrane intracellular estrogen receptor mediates rapid cell signaling // Science. – 2005. – Vol. 307 (5715). - P. 1625-1630
27 Mifflin S.W. Arterial chemoreceptor input to nucleus tractus solitaries // American Journal of Physiology. – 1992. – Vol. 263 (2 Pt 2). – P. 368-375
28 Ciriello J., Schultz C.G., Roder S. Collateral axonal projections from ventrolateral medullary non-catecholaminergic neurons to central nucleus of the amygdala // Brain Research. – 1994. – Vol. 663, No. 2. - P. 346-351
29 Machado B.H., Mauad H., Chianca Junior D.A., Haibara A.S., Colombari E.. Autonomic processing of the cardiovascular reflexes in the nucleus tractus solitarii // Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. – 1997. – Vol. 30 (4). - P. 533-543
30 Colombari E., Menani J.V., Talman W.T. Commissural NTS contributes to pressor responses to glutamate injected into the medial NTS of awake rats // Am. J. Phys. – 1996. – Vol. 270, P. 1220-1225.
References
1. Argynbayev H., Ismagulov О. (1988) Kazahi. Narody mira: istoriko-etnograficheskiy spravochnik. М.: Sovetskaja encyklopedija, pp. 194-196
2. Ciriello J., Schultz C.G., Roder S. (1994) Collateral axonal projections from ventrolateral medullary non-catecholaminergic neurons to central nucleus of the amygdala. Brain Res., vol. 663 (2), pp. 346-351
3. Colombari E., Menani J.V., Talman W.T. (1996) Commissural NTS contributes to pressor responses to glutamate injected into the medial NTS of awake rats. Am. J. Phys., Vol. 270 (6 Pt 2), pp. R1220-1225
4. Cornelissen G., Halberg F. (2005) Chronomedicine. In: Armitage P, Colton T. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 796-812.
5. Cornelissen G., Halberg F., Bakken E.E., Singh R.B., Otsuka K., Tomlinson B., Delcourt A., Toussaint G., Bathina S., Schwartzkopff O., Wang Z.R., Tarquini R., Perfetto F., Pantaleoni G.C., Jozsa R., Delmore P.A., Nolley E. (2004) 100 or 30 years after Janeway or Bartter, Healthwatch helps avoid "flying blind". Biomed & Pharmacother., vol. 58 (Suppl 1), pp. S69-S86.
6. Cornelissen G., Otsuka K., Halberg F. (1993) Blood pressure and heart rate chronome mapping: a complement to the human genome initiative. Chronocardiology and Chronomedicine: Humans in Time and Cosmos. Tokyo: Life Science Publishing., pp. 16-48.
7. Denney-Wilson E., Hardy L.L., Dobbins T., Okely A.D., Baur L.A. (2008) Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med., vol.162(6), pp.566-573
8. Falkner B., Gidding S.S., Ramirez-Garnica G., Wiltrout S.A., West D., Rappaport E.B. (2006) The relationship of body mass index and blood pressure in primary care pediatric patients. The Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 148, issue 2, pp. 195-200
9. Filardo E.J., Thomas P. (2005) GPR30: a seven-transmembrane-spanning estrogen receptor that triggers EGF release. Trends Endocrinol. Metab., vol.16 (8), pp. 362-367
10. Fursov К., Ospanov O., Fursov A.(2017) Prevalence of obesity in Kazakhstan. Australasian Medical Journal, vol.10(11), pp.916-920
11. Galani С., Schneider H. (2007) Prevention and treatment of obesity with lifestyle interventions: review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health, vol. 52, pp. 348–359
12. Global Health Observatory Data Repository (2017) Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, deaths per 100,000. Data by country. World Health Organization, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A865?lang=en
13. Gumarova L., Cornelissen G., Halberg F., Mansharipova A., Otsuka K., Syutkina E., Masalov A., Chibisov S., Frolov V. (2013) Duration of ABPM as an important prerequisite for a reliable diagnosis of vascular variability disorders (VVDs). Bulletin of PFUR, Series Medical, №1, pp.27-33
14. Halberg F. (1980) Chronobiology: methodological problems. Acta med rom, vol.18, pp.399-440.
15. Halberg F., Cornelissen G., Otsuka K., Siegelova J., Fiser B., Dusek J., Homolka P., Sanchez de la Pena S., Singh R.B., BIOCOS project (2009) Extended consensus on means and need to detect vascular variability disorders (VVDs) and vascular variability syndromes (VVSs). Leibniz-Online, Nr. 5, pp. 1-35
16. Kazakhskaya akademiya pitaniya (2017) Izbytochnaya massa tela I ozhiraniye v Kazakhstane. Ministerstvo obrazovaniya I nauki Respubliki Kazakhstan, pp.1-8. https://www.zdrav.kz/sites/default/files/медиа_рус.pdf
17. Kearney P.M., Whelton M., Reynolds K., Muntner P., Whelton P., He J. (2005) Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet, vol.365, pp.217-223.
18. Kevin R. Fontaine, David T. Redden, Chenxi Wang, Andrew O. Westfall, David B. Allison (2003) Years of Life Lost Due to obesity. JAMA, vol. 289(2), pp. 187–193.
19. Lagranha C.J., Silva T.L.A., Silva S.C.A., Braz G.R.F., da Silva A.I., Fernandes M.P., Sellitti D.F. (2018) Protective effects of estrogen against cardiovascular disease mediated via oxidative stress in the brain. Life Sciences, vol.192, pp. 190-198
20. Machado B.H., Mauad H., Chianca Junior D.A., Haibara A.S., Colombari E. (1997) Autonomic processing of the cardiovascular reflexes in the nucleus tractus solitarii. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., vol. 30 (4), pp. 533-543
21. Martins D., Tareen N., Pan D.Y., Norris K. (2002) The relationship between body mass index and pulse pressure in older adults with isolated systolic hypertension. American Journal Of Hypertension, vol.15, issue 6, pp. 538-543
22. Mifflin S.W. (1992) Arterial chemoreceptor input to nucleus tractus solitaries. Am. J. Phys., vol. 263 (2 Pt 2), pp. R368-R375
23. Murray C.J.L, Lopez A.D. (1994) Global comparative assessments in the health sector: disease burden, expenditures and intervention packages. Geneva: WHO, pp. 141–156.
24. Noncommunicable diseases. World health organizabion. Media centre. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/en/
25. Refinetti R., Cornelissen G., Halberg F. (2007) Procedures for numerical analysis of circadian rhythms. Biological Rhythm Research, vol. 38 (4), pp. 275-325.
26. Revankar C.M., Cimino D.F., Sklar L.A., Arterburn J.B., Prossnitz E.R. (2005) A transmembrane intracellular estrogen receptor mediates rapid cell signaling. Science, vol. 307 (5715), pp. 1625-1630
27. Thom T., Haase N., Rosamond W., Howard V.J., et al. (2006) Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2006 update: a report from the American heart association statistics committee and stroke statistics subcommittee. Circulation, vol.113, pp. 85-151.
28. WHO Expert Committee. (1995) Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry.// World Health Organization Technical Report Series. World Health Organization, vol. 854, pp.452
29. WHO Expert Consultation. (2004) Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet, vol 363, issue 9403, pp.157-163
30. Zdorovje naselenija Respubliki Kazakhstan i deyatelnost organozatcij zdravoohraneniya v 2012 godu. (2013) Stat. Zhinak, Astana, pp. 316
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Gumarova, L., Cornelissen, G., Ablaihanova, N., & Kudaibergenov, A. (2018). The influence of excessive body weight on the parameters of circadian hemodynamic rhythms. Experimental Biology, 75(2), 92–101. https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2018-2-1329
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HUMAN AND ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
