Fish assemblages in shallow sites of the Lake Alakol under growing recreational impact
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577//eb.2020.v82.i1.13Abstract
Indigenous fish fauna has high endemism to the Balkhash watershed. Area of indigenous fish species had been drastically reduced after negative human impact. The Alakol Lake still remains bigger refuge for indigenous fishes. Therefore investigation of growing recreational impact to fish population on shallow sites was the aim of our researches. Samples were collected during 2015-2017 by international recommendations. State of the young fishes was evaluated through up their biological characteristics. Data on size and condition factor of fish babies were presented first time for many species despite long history of fishes investigations in the Alakol Lake. Diversity indexes by Simpson and Shannon were calculated to describe fish communities. Only 5 indigenous fish species like Seven rivers’ minnow Phoxinus brachyurus, spotted stone loach Triplophysa strauchii, Sewertzov’s stone loach Triplophysa sewerzowii, plain thicklip loach Triplophysa labiata, and Balkhash perch Perca schrenkii were revealed. Alien fish species were presented by 4 species like carp Cyprinus carpio, Prussian carp Carassius gibelio, topmouth gudgeon or pseudorasbora Pseudorasbora parva, and rosy bitterling Rhodeus ocellatus. Grow rate and condition factor indicated rather good living conditions for the indigenous fishes. Alien short living fish species were not neither numerous nor permanent members of the fish assemblages. The presented data allowed us to consider modern state of shallow sites of the lake as good enough for the indigenous fish reproduction. Limitation of number of visitors and 300 meters wide protected area around the investigated sites should be reasonable for long term conservation of indigenous fish fauna in the Alakol Lake.
Key words: Alakol Lake, recreational, indigenous, alien, fish fauna
References
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2. Dudgeon D., Arthington A., Gessner M., Kawabata Z.-I., Knowler D., Leveque C., Naiman R., Prieur-Richard A.-H., Soto D., Stianssy M., Sullivan C. (2006). Freshwater biodiversity: importance, threats, status and conservation challenges. Biological Reviews. Cambridge Philosophical Society, 81, 2, 163-182. - DOI:10.1017/S1464793105006950
3. Kwok R. Budget request tackles habitat changes// Nature. – 2009. - Vol.460. - P.20. - DOI:10.1038/460020a
4. Harmon J.P., Moran N.A., Ives A.R. Species response to environmental change: impacts of food web interactions and evolution// Science – 2009. - Vol.323. - P.1347-1350.- DOI: 10.1126/science.1167396
5. Demystifying materiality: hardwiring biodiversity and ecosystem services into finance – UNEP FI CEO Briefing, 2010. - 20 p.
6. Trevors J.T., Saier Jr. We do not have a spare Earth//Environmentalist – 2010. – DOI: 10.1007/s10669-010-9259-8
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9. Reshetnikov YU.S., SHakirova F.M. (1993) Zoogeograficheskij analiz ihtiofauny Srednej Azii po spiskam presnovodnyh ryb// Voprosy ihtiologii, T.33, №1. - pp.37-45.
10. Mitrofanov V.P. (1992) Promysel ryb v Kazahstane// Ryby Kazahstana. – Alma-Ata: Gylym, T.5. pp.372-411.
11. Amirgaliev N.A., Timirhanov S.R., Al'pejsov SH.A. (2006) Ihtiofauna i ekologiya Alakol'skoj sistemy ozyor. – Almaty: Bastau, p. 368. ISBN 9965-413-70-3.
12. Isbekov K.B., Timirhanov S.R. (2009) Redkie ryby ozera Balhash. – Almaty: LEM, p. 182.
13. Mitrofanov V.P., Dukravec G.M. (1992) Nekotorye teoreticheskie i prakticheskie aspekty akklimatizacii ryb v Kazahstane// Ryby Kazahstana. – Alma-Ata: Gylym, T.5. - pp.329-371.
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17. Tereschenko, V.G.,& Strel’nikov, A.S. (1995). An analysis of fish diversity changes in the Balkhash Lake after new fish species introduction. Journal of Ichthyology, 35:1, 71-77.
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20. Nekrashevich N.G. (1965) Materialy po ihtiologii Alakol'skih ozyor//Alakol'skaya vpadina i eyo ozyora. Voprosy geografii Kazahstana. – Alma-Ata: Nauka, Vyp.12. – pp.236-268.
21. Strel'nikov A.S. (1970) Morfobiologicheskaya harakteristika promyslovyh ryb Alakol'skih ozer // Biologiya vodoemov Kazahstana. – Alma-Ata,. pp.113-119.
22. Strel'nikov A.S. (1974) Ryby i biologicheskie osnovy rybnogo hozyajstva Alakol'skih ozer. Avtoref. dis. ... kand.biol.nauk. Tomsk, p.20
23. Mel'nikov V.A., Bajmukanov M.T., Kulikov E.V., Ermahanov Z., Goryunova A.I., Asylbekova S.ZH. (2005) Ihtiologicheskie issledovaniya vodoemov Kazahstana// Rybohozyajstvennye issledovaniya v Respublike Kazahstan: istoriya i sovremennoe sostoyanie – Almaty: Bastau, pp. 9-63.
24. Elshibekova A.M., Dan'ko E.K., Dukravec G.M., ZHarkenov D.K. (2015) K istorii formirovaniya i osvoeniya ihtiofauny bassejna Alakol'skih ozer// Selevinia, T.23, pp.235-240
25. Hill, D., Fasham, M., Tucker, G., Shewry, M., Shaw, P. (Eds.) (2005). Handbook of Biodiversity Methods. Survey, Evaluation and Monitoring. Cambridge University Press. 573 p. ISBN -13 978-0-521-82368-5
26. Portt, C.B., Coker, G.A., Ming, D.L., Randall, R.G. (2006). A review of fish sampling methods commonly used in Canadian freshwater habitats. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. p. 2604 ISSN 0706-6457
27. Boguckaya N.G., Naseka A.M. (2004) Katalog beschelyustnyh i ryb presnyh i solonovatyh vod Rossii s taksonomicheskimi kommentariyami. – M.: Tovarishchestvo nauchnyh izdanij KMK, p.389
28. Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2019. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version (08/2019).
29. Pravdin I.F. (1966) Rukovodstvo po izucheniyu ryb. - M.: Pishchevaya promyshlennost', p. 376
30. Lakin G.F. (1990) Biometriya – M.: Vysshaya shkola, p. 352
31. Bigon M., Harper Dzh., Taunsend K. (1989) Ekologiya. Osobi, populyacii i soobshchestva. – M.: Mir,. - T.2. p. 477
32. Magurran A.E., McGill B.J., 2014. Biological Diversity. Frontiers in Measurement and Assessment. – Oxford University Press, p. 345
33. Amirgaliev N.A., Turalykova L.T. (2011) K ocenke kachestva vod Alakol'skoj sistemy ozer.// Nekotorye aspekty gidroekologicheskih problem Kazahstana. – Almaty: Kaganat, pp.166-175
34. Dukravec G.M., Mitrofanov V.P. (1992) Vidovoj sostav ihtiofauny Kazahstana (s kruglorotymi) i ee raspredelenie po vodoemam po sostoyaniyu na 1986-1990 g.g.// Ryby Kazahstana – Alma-Ata: Gylym. T.5.- pp.414-418.
35. Karpov V.E. (2005) Spisok vidov ryb i ryboobraznyh Kazahstana// Rybohozyajstvennye issledovaniya v Respublike Kazahstan: istoriya i sovremennoe sostoyanie – Almaty: Bastau, pp.152-168.
36. Sokolovskij V.R., Timirhanov S.R. (2004) Ryby Alakol'-Sasykkol'skoj sistemy ozyor// Trudy Alakol'skogo zapovednika. – Almaty: Mektep, pp.175-191.
37. Timirhanov S.R., Avetisyan R.M. (2004) Ihtiofauna rek Dzhungarskogo Alatau (Alakol'skij bassejn)// Trudy Alakol'skogo zapovednika. – Almaty: Mektep, pp.296-326.
38. Timirhanov S.R., Avetisyan R.M. (2004) Ihtiofauna rek Tarbagataya (Alakol'skij bassejn)// Trudy Alakol'skogo zapovednika. – Almaty: Mektep, pp.326-334
39. Avetisyan R.M., Sokolovskij V.R, Skakun V.A. (2004) Ihtiofauna maloobsledovannyh uchastkov Alakol'skogo zapovednika i sopredel'nyh territorij// Trudy Alakol'skogo zapovednika. – Almaty: Mektep, pp. 354-356
40. Dukravec G.M. (1989) Perca schrenki Kessler – balhashskij okun'// Ryby Kazahstana. – Alma-Ata: Nauka,. – T.4. - pp.157-190.
41. Mitrofanov V.P. (1989) Noemacheilus strauchi ruzskyi Nekraschewitsch – ozyornyj gubach// Ryby Kazahstana. – Alma-Ata: Nauka,. – T.4. pp.47-49.
42. Mitrofanov V.P. (1989) Noemacheilus sewerzowi G.Nikolsky - golec Severcova// Ryby Kazahstana – Alma-Ata: Nauka,. - T.4. pp. 27 -30.
43. Mitrofanov V.P., Mitrofanov I.V (1987). Rod Phoxinus Agassiz, 1835 – Gol'yan// Ryby Kazahstana – Alma-Ata: Nauka,. - T.2. pp.123-145.
44. Krasnaya kniga Almatinskoj oblasti. Zhivotnye (2006) . - Almaty,. p. 520
45. Krasnaya kniga Respubliki Kazahstan (2008) – Almaty: Nur-Print,. p. 316
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Mamilov, N. S., Аmirbekova F. T., Sharakhmetov, S. E., Sapargalieva, S. N., Khabibullin, F. K., & Bekkozhaeva, D. K. (2020). Fish assemblages in shallow sites of the Lake Alakol under growing recreational impact. Experimental Biology, 82(1), 156–165. https://doi.org/10.26577//eb.2020.v82.i1.13
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