Biological and phytochemical features of underground organs of medicinal plants of the genus Aegopodium L.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2019-1-1383Abstract
Aegopodium L. is a perennial plant of the Apiaceae family, growing in the mountainous regions of Europe, Siberia, the Caucasus, Kazakhstan and Central Asia. The genus Aegopodium L. includes seven species. Two species grow in Kazakhstan: Aegopodium podagraria L. and Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb. Goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L.) as a medicinal plant for the treatment of podagra and rheumatism has been used since ancient times. But the biological and phytochemical characteristics of Aegopodium podagraria L. and Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb are very little studied.
Our article presents the results of a comparative study of the anatomical and morphological structures of the underground organs of the two above-mentioned medicinal plants, as well as the determination of the moisture, ash and extract content of their raw materials.
Plants were collected during the flowering period (in early July) 2017 in the big Almaty gorge (GPS coordinates of the initial point of the gorge: 43.136976, 76.903267. Height over sea level of 1500 – 2500 m).
As a result of morphological study of underground organs of Aegopodium podagraria L. and Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb. it is revealed that the roots in the form of lobes are formed on horizontal rhizomes. On the cross section of the anatomical root of both plants diarсh. In the primary bark, as well as between the xylem rays accumulate starch grains. Biometric measurements of the root showed that, the indicators of Aegopodium podagraria L. are higher than, Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb.
The humidity of underground organs of Aegopodium podagraria L. Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb. does not exceed the values of this indicator for pharmaceutical samples. The ash content of underground organs of Aegopodium podagraria l is 1.5 times lower than that of Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb., and the extractivity of both plants is high (25.37±6.91% and 28.13±4.95%, respectively).
Keywords: goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L.), Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb., medicinal plants, xylem, phloem, ash content, extractivity.
References
1 Kunle, O.F., Egharevba, H.O, Ahmadu, P.O. Standardization of herbal medicines – A review // International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation Vol. 4(3). – 2012. – P. 101-112. DOI: 10.5897/IJBC11.163. ISSN 2141-243X
2 Грудзинская Л.М., Гемеджиева Н.Г., Нелина Н.В., Каржаубекова Ж.Ж. Аннотированный список лекарственных
растений Казахстана: Справочное издание. – Алматы, 2014. – 200 с. ISSN: 978-601-7511-00-5
3 Федотов С. В. Сныть обыкновенная – новое эфиромасличное растение, ее хозяйственное и медицинское значение
(обзор) // Аромакоррекция психофизического состояния человека. Ялта. – 2015. – С. 69-79.
4 Лавренова Г.В., Лавренов В.К. Полная энциклопедия лекарственных растений. М.: АСТ; Донецк: Сталкер. – 2008. –
416 с. ISBN 978-985-16-4968-2
5 Prior, RM et al., The polyacetylene falcarindiol with COX-1 activity isolated from Aegopodium podagraria L. // Journal of
ethnopharmcology. – 2007. – Р. 176-178. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.005
6 Paramonov, EA et al., Identification and biological activity of volatile organic compounds isolated from plants and insects.
III. Chromatography-mass spectrometry of volatile compounds of Aegopodium podagraria // Chemistry of natural compounds.
20007 – Р. 584-586. DOI: 10.1023/A:1017563708858
7 Товчига О.В., Горбач Т.В., Штрыголь С.Ю., и др. Эффекты препаратов сныти обыкновенной (Aegopodium podagraria L.) и их комбинаций с метформином у крыс с нарушениями липидного и углеводного обмена, вызванными протамина
сульфатом // Обзоры по клинической фармакологии и лекарственной терапии. – 2017. – Т. 15. – № 2. – С. 31–41. doi: 10.17816/
RCF15231-41
8 Tovchiga, O. The influence of Aegopodium podagraria L. extract and tincture on behavioural reactions of random-bred mice
/ O. Tovchiga, S. Shtrygol’// Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. – 2015. – Vol. 7, № 7. – P. 370–384. ISSN: 0975-
7384
9 Stefanovic O., Comic L., Stanojevic D., Solujic-Sukdolak S. Antibacterial Activity of Aegopodium podagraria L. extracts
and interaction between extracts and antibiotics //Turk J Biol. –33 (2009). – P.145-150. doi:10.3906/biy-0810-21
10 Orav A., Viitak A., Vaher M. Identification of bioactive compounds in the leaves and stems of Aegopodium podagraria by
various analytical techniques. – Vol. – 2 Issue: 1. – P. 152-160// DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2009.12.022
11 Агеев В.А., Макарова Д.Л., Домрачев Д.В., Родин А.П., Ханина М.А. Изучение химического состава эфирного
масла Aegopodium podagraria L. флоры Сибири // Химия растительного сырья. – 2011. – №1. – С.129-132
12 Агеев В.А. Фармакогностическое исследование сныти обыкновенной : Aegopodium podagraria L.: автореферат дис.
... кандидата фармацевтических наук: Самара, 2013.- 25 с.: ил. РГБ ОД, 9 13-1/785
13 Флора Казахстана. Т. 6. (Молочайные, Зонтичные и др.]. Алма-Ата, 1963, 466 с. ISBN: 978-5-4458-5988-8
14 Барыкина Р.П. и др. Справочник по ботанической микротехнике. Основы и методы. – М., Изд-во МГУ. – 2004. – 312
с. ISBN: 5-211-06103-9
15 Yeung, E.C.T., Stasolla, C., Sumner, M.J., Huang, B.Q. Plant Microtechniques and Protocols. Springer, 2015. ISBN 978-3-
319-19944-3
16 Rudall P.J. Anatomy of flowering plants: An introduction to structure and development. – 3d ed. // Cambridge University
Press, 2007. – 145 p. ISBN: 13: 978-0521692458
17 Clarke A.R., Eberhardt C.N. Microscopy techniques for materials science. Cambridge, England : Woodhead Pub., 2002. –
Р. 456. ISBN: 9781855737501
18 Лакин Г.Ф. Биометрия. – М.: Высшая школа. – 1990. – 352 с. ISBN 5-06-000471-6
19 Surangi W.P., Selena Y.S. 2014. Bioinformatic and biometric methods in plant morphology. doi: [10.3732/apps.1400071]
20 Государственная Фармокопея СССР. Вып.2: Общие методы анализа. – Лекарственное растительное сырье. – М.:
Медицина, 1989. – 400 с.
21 Государственная Фармокопея РК.– 2009. – Т.2. – 803 с. ISBN. 978-601-7152-43-7.
22 Пятигорская Н. В. Самылина И. А. Береговых В. В. Ногаева А. Т. Ковалева Е. К. Смирнов В. Ю. Правила организации
производства и контроля качества лекарственных средств из растительного сырья. Учебное пособие. – СПб.: СпецЛит, 2013.
– 367 с. ISBN: 9785299004779
ISSN 1563-0218; eISSN 2617-7498 Experimental Biology. №1 (78). 2019 35
Kyrbassova E.A. et al.
23 Dębia K. et. all. Do brewing temperature and the morphological part of the ground elder plant have an influence on the
fluoride content of ground elder infusions? Fluoride. 2018, 51(2), pp. 153-163. ISSN: 00154725
References
1 Ageev V.A. (2013) Farmakognosticheskoe issledovanie snyti obyknovennoj: [Pharmacognostic study of goutweed: Aegopodium podagraria L.]: avtoreferat dis. ... kandidata farmacevticheskih nauk: Samara,.- 25 s.: il. RGB OD, 9 13-1/785
2 Ageev V.A., Makarova D.L., Domrachev D.V., Rodin A.P., Hanina M.A. (2011) Izuchenie himicheskogo sostava jefirnogo
masla Aegopodium podagraria L. flory Sibiri [The study of the chemical composition of the essential oil Aegopodium podagraria L.
flora of Siberia] // Himija rastitel'nogo syr'ja, no 1, pp.129-132.
3 Barykina R.P. i dr. (2004) Spravochnik po botanicheskoj mikrotehnike. Osnovy i metody [Handbook of botanical microtechnique. Basics and methods.]. – M., Izd-vo MGU. 312 p. ISBN: 5-211-06103-9
4 Clarke A.R., Eberhardt C.N. Microscopy techniques for materials science. Cambridge, England : Woodhead Pub., 2002. – Р.
456. ISBN: 9781855737501
5 Dębia K. et. all. (2018) Do brewing temperature and the morphological part of the ground elder plant have an influence on
the fluoride content of ground elder infusions? Fluoride. 51(2), pp. 153-163. ISSN: 00154725
6 Fedotov S. V. (2015) Snyt' obyknovennaja – novoe jefiromaslichnoe rastenie, ee hozjajstvennoe i medicinskoe znachenie
(obzor) [Goutweed – a new aromatic plant, its economic and medical value (review)] // Aromakorrekcija psihofizicheskogo sostojanija cheloveka. Jalta. pp. 69-79.
7 Flora Kazahstana. T. 6. (1963) [Molochajnye, Zontichnye i dr.] [Euphorbia, Umbrella, etc.]. Alma-Ata, 466 p. ISBN: 978-
5-4458-5988-8
8 Gosudarstvennaja Farmokopeja RK. (2009) [State Phamocopea RK]. vol. 2, 803 p. ISBN. 978-601-7152-43-7.
9 Gosudarstvennaja Farmokopeja SSSR. Vyp.2: Obshhie metody analiza. – Lekarstvennoe rastitel'noe syr'e [General methods
of analysis. – Medicinal plant raw materials.]. –M.: Medicina, 1989. – 400 s.
10 Gosudarstvennaja Farmokopeja RK. (2009). vol. 2, 803 p. ISBN. 978-601-7152-43-7.
11 Grudzinskaja L.M., Gemedzhieva N.G., Nelina N.V., Karzhaubekova Zh.Zh. (2014) Annotirovannyj spisok lekarstvennyh rastenij Kazahstana [Annotated list of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan]: Spravochnoe izdanie. – Almaty, 200 p. ISSN: 978-601-7511-00-5
12 Kunle, O.F., Egharevba, H.O, Ahmadu, P.O. (2012) Standardization of herbal medicines – A review // International Journal
of Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 4(3), pp. 101-112. DOI: 10.5897/IJBC11.163. ISSN 2141-243X
13 Lakin G.F. (1990) Biometrija [Biometrics]. – M.: Vysshaja shkola. 352 p. ISBN 5-06-000471-6
14 Lavrenova G.V., Lavrenov V.K. (2008) Polnaja jenciklopedija lekarstvennyh rastenij [Complete encyclopedia of medicinal
plants]. M.: AST; Doneck: Stalker. 416 p. ISBN 978-985-16-4968-2
15 Orav A., Viitak A., Vaher M. (2009) Identification of bioactive compounds in the leaves and stems of Aegopodium podagraria by various analytical techniques. vol. 2 Issue: 1, pp. 152-160// DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2009.12.022
16 Paramonov, EA et al., (2007) Identification and biological activity of volatile organic compounds isolated from plants and
insects. III. Chromatography-mass spectrometry of volatile compounds of Aegopodium podagraria // Chemistry of natural compounds, pp. 584-586. DOI: 10.1023/A:1017563708858
17 Pjatigorskaja N. V. Samylina I. A. Beregovyh V. V. Nogaeva A. T. Kovaleva E. K. Smirnov V. Ju. (2013) Pravila organizacii
proizvodstva i kontrolja kachestva lekarstvennyh sredstv iz rastitel'nogo syr'ja. [Rules for the organization of production and quality
control of medicinal products from plant materials]. Uchebnoe posobie. – SPb.: SpecLit, 367 p. ISBN: 9785299004779
18 Prior, RM et al., (2007) The polyacetylene falcarindiol with COX-1 activity isolated from Aegopodium podagraria L. //
Journal of ethnopharmcology. pp. 176-178. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.005
19 Rudall P.J. (2007) Anatomy of flowering plants: An introduction to structure and development. – 3d ed. // Cambridge University Press, 145 p. ISBN: 13: 978-0521692458
20 Stefanovic O., Comic L., Stanojevic D., Solujic-Sukdolak S. (2009) Antibacterial Activity of Aegopodium podagraria L.
extracts and interaction between extracts and antibiotics //Turk J Biol., vol 33, pp.145-150. doi:10.3906/biy-0810-21
21 Surangi W.P., Selena Y.S. (2014) Bioinformatic and biometric methods in plant morphology. doi: [10.3732/apps.1400071]
22 Tovchiga O.V., Gorbach T.V., Shtrygol' S.Ju., i dr. (2017) Jeffekty preparatov snyti obyknovennoj (Aegopodium podagraria
L.) i ih kombinacij s metforminom u krys s narushenijami lipidnogo i uglevodnogo obmena, vyzvannymi protamina sul'fatom [Effects preparations of goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L.) and their combinations with metformin in rats with disorders of lipid
and carbohydrate metabolism caused by protamine sulfate] // Obzory po klinicheskoj farmakologii i lekarstvennoj terapii. vol. 15,
no. 2, pp. 31–41. doi: 10.17816/RCF15231-41
23 Tovchiga, O. (2015) The influence of Aegopodium podagraria L. extract and tincture on behavioural reactions of randombred mice / O. Tovchiga, S. Shtrygol’// Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 370–384. ISSN: 0975-
7384
24 Yeung, E.C.T., Stasolla, C., Sumner, M.J., Huang, B.Q. (2015) Plant Microtechniques and Protocols. Springer, ISBN 978-
3-319-19944-3
2 Грудзинская Л.М., Гемеджиева Н.Г., Нелина Н.В., Каржаубекова Ж.Ж. Аннотированный список лекарственных
растений Казахстана: Справочное издание. – Алматы, 2014. – 200 с. ISSN: 978-601-7511-00-5
3 Федотов С. В. Сныть обыкновенная – новое эфиромасличное растение, ее хозяйственное и медицинское значение
(обзор) // Аромакоррекция психофизического состояния человека. Ялта. – 2015. – С. 69-79.
4 Лавренова Г.В., Лавренов В.К. Полная энциклопедия лекарственных растений. М.: АСТ; Донецк: Сталкер. – 2008. –
416 с. ISBN 978-985-16-4968-2
5 Prior, RM et al., The polyacetylene falcarindiol with COX-1 activity isolated from Aegopodium podagraria L. // Journal of
ethnopharmcology. – 2007. – Р. 176-178. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.005
6 Paramonov, EA et al., Identification and biological activity of volatile organic compounds isolated from plants and insects.
III. Chromatography-mass spectrometry of volatile compounds of Aegopodium podagraria // Chemistry of natural compounds.
20007 – Р. 584-586. DOI: 10.1023/A:1017563708858
7 Товчига О.В., Горбач Т.В., Штрыголь С.Ю., и др. Эффекты препаратов сныти обыкновенной (Aegopodium podagraria L.) и их комбинаций с метформином у крыс с нарушениями липидного и углеводного обмена, вызванными протамина
сульфатом // Обзоры по клинической фармакологии и лекарственной терапии. – 2017. – Т. 15. – № 2. – С. 31–41. doi: 10.17816/
RCF15231-41
8 Tovchiga, O. The influence of Aegopodium podagraria L. extract and tincture on behavioural reactions of random-bred mice
/ O. Tovchiga, S. Shtrygol’// Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. – 2015. – Vol. 7, № 7. – P. 370–384. ISSN: 0975-
7384
9 Stefanovic O., Comic L., Stanojevic D., Solujic-Sukdolak S. Antibacterial Activity of Aegopodium podagraria L. extracts
and interaction between extracts and antibiotics //Turk J Biol. –33 (2009). – P.145-150. doi:10.3906/biy-0810-21
10 Orav A., Viitak A., Vaher M. Identification of bioactive compounds in the leaves and stems of Aegopodium podagraria by
various analytical techniques. – Vol. – 2 Issue: 1. – P. 152-160// DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2009.12.022
11 Агеев В.А., Макарова Д.Л., Домрачев Д.В., Родин А.П., Ханина М.А. Изучение химического состава эфирного
масла Aegopodium podagraria L. флоры Сибири // Химия растительного сырья. – 2011. – №1. – С.129-132
12 Агеев В.А. Фармакогностическое исследование сныти обыкновенной : Aegopodium podagraria L.: автореферат дис.
... кандидата фармацевтических наук: Самара, 2013.- 25 с.: ил. РГБ ОД, 9 13-1/785
13 Флора Казахстана. Т. 6. (Молочайные, Зонтичные и др.]. Алма-Ата, 1963, 466 с. ISBN: 978-5-4458-5988-8
14 Барыкина Р.П. и др. Справочник по ботанической микротехнике. Основы и методы. – М., Изд-во МГУ. – 2004. – 312
с. ISBN: 5-211-06103-9
15 Yeung, E.C.T., Stasolla, C., Sumner, M.J., Huang, B.Q. Plant Microtechniques and Protocols. Springer, 2015. ISBN 978-3-
319-19944-3
16 Rudall P.J. Anatomy of flowering plants: An introduction to structure and development. – 3d ed. // Cambridge University
Press, 2007. – 145 p. ISBN: 13: 978-0521692458
17 Clarke A.R., Eberhardt C.N. Microscopy techniques for materials science. Cambridge, England : Woodhead Pub., 2002. –
Р. 456. ISBN: 9781855737501
18 Лакин Г.Ф. Биометрия. – М.: Высшая школа. – 1990. – 352 с. ISBN 5-06-000471-6
19 Surangi W.P., Selena Y.S. 2014. Bioinformatic and biometric methods in plant morphology. doi: [10.3732/apps.1400071]
20 Государственная Фармокопея СССР. Вып.2: Общие методы анализа. – Лекарственное растительное сырье. – М.:
Медицина, 1989. – 400 с.
21 Государственная Фармокопея РК.– 2009. – Т.2. – 803 с. ISBN. 978-601-7152-43-7.
22 Пятигорская Н. В. Самылина И. А. Береговых В. В. Ногаева А. Т. Ковалева Е. К. Смирнов В. Ю. Правила организации
производства и контроля качества лекарственных средств из растительного сырья. Учебное пособие. – СПб.: СпецЛит, 2013.
– 367 с. ISBN: 9785299004779
ISSN 1563-0218; eISSN 2617-7498 Experimental Biology. №1 (78). 2019 35
Kyrbassova E.A. et al.
23 Dębia K. et. all. Do brewing temperature and the morphological part of the ground elder plant have an influence on the
fluoride content of ground elder infusions? Fluoride. 2018, 51(2), pp. 153-163. ISSN: 00154725
References
1 Ageev V.A. (2013) Farmakognosticheskoe issledovanie snyti obyknovennoj: [Pharmacognostic study of goutweed: Aegopodium podagraria L.]: avtoreferat dis. ... kandidata farmacevticheskih nauk: Samara,.- 25 s.: il. RGB OD, 9 13-1/785
2 Ageev V.A., Makarova D.L., Domrachev D.V., Rodin A.P., Hanina M.A. (2011) Izuchenie himicheskogo sostava jefirnogo
masla Aegopodium podagraria L. flory Sibiri [The study of the chemical composition of the essential oil Aegopodium podagraria L.
flora of Siberia] // Himija rastitel'nogo syr'ja, no 1, pp.129-132.
3 Barykina R.P. i dr. (2004) Spravochnik po botanicheskoj mikrotehnike. Osnovy i metody [Handbook of botanical microtechnique. Basics and methods.]. – M., Izd-vo MGU. 312 p. ISBN: 5-211-06103-9
4 Clarke A.R., Eberhardt C.N. Microscopy techniques for materials science. Cambridge, England : Woodhead Pub., 2002. – Р.
456. ISBN: 9781855737501
5 Dębia K. et. all. (2018) Do brewing temperature and the morphological part of the ground elder plant have an influence on
the fluoride content of ground elder infusions? Fluoride. 51(2), pp. 153-163. ISSN: 00154725
6 Fedotov S. V. (2015) Snyt' obyknovennaja – novoe jefiromaslichnoe rastenie, ee hozjajstvennoe i medicinskoe znachenie
(obzor) [Goutweed – a new aromatic plant, its economic and medical value (review)] // Aromakorrekcija psihofizicheskogo sostojanija cheloveka. Jalta. pp. 69-79.
7 Flora Kazahstana. T. 6. (1963) [Molochajnye, Zontichnye i dr.] [Euphorbia, Umbrella, etc.]. Alma-Ata, 466 p. ISBN: 978-
5-4458-5988-8
8 Gosudarstvennaja Farmokopeja RK. (2009) [State Phamocopea RK]. vol. 2, 803 p. ISBN. 978-601-7152-43-7.
9 Gosudarstvennaja Farmokopeja SSSR. Vyp.2: Obshhie metody analiza. – Lekarstvennoe rastitel'noe syr'e [General methods
of analysis. – Medicinal plant raw materials.]. –M.: Medicina, 1989. – 400 s.
10 Gosudarstvennaja Farmokopeja RK. (2009). vol. 2, 803 p. ISBN. 978-601-7152-43-7.
11 Grudzinskaja L.M., Gemedzhieva N.G., Nelina N.V., Karzhaubekova Zh.Zh. (2014) Annotirovannyj spisok lekarstvennyh rastenij Kazahstana [Annotated list of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan]: Spravochnoe izdanie. – Almaty, 200 p. ISSN: 978-601-7511-00-5
12 Kunle, O.F., Egharevba, H.O, Ahmadu, P.O. (2012) Standardization of herbal medicines – A review // International Journal
of Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 4(3), pp. 101-112. DOI: 10.5897/IJBC11.163. ISSN 2141-243X
13 Lakin G.F. (1990) Biometrija [Biometrics]. – M.: Vysshaja shkola. 352 p. ISBN 5-06-000471-6
14 Lavrenova G.V., Lavrenov V.K. (2008) Polnaja jenciklopedija lekarstvennyh rastenij [Complete encyclopedia of medicinal
plants]. M.: AST; Doneck: Stalker. 416 p. ISBN 978-985-16-4968-2
15 Orav A., Viitak A., Vaher M. (2009) Identification of bioactive compounds in the leaves and stems of Aegopodium podagraria by various analytical techniques. vol. 2 Issue: 1, pp. 152-160// DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2009.12.022
16 Paramonov, EA et al., (2007) Identification and biological activity of volatile organic compounds isolated from plants and
insects. III. Chromatography-mass spectrometry of volatile compounds of Aegopodium podagraria // Chemistry of natural compounds, pp. 584-586. DOI: 10.1023/A:1017563708858
17 Pjatigorskaja N. V. Samylina I. A. Beregovyh V. V. Nogaeva A. T. Kovaleva E. K. Smirnov V. Ju. (2013) Pravila organizacii
proizvodstva i kontrolja kachestva lekarstvennyh sredstv iz rastitel'nogo syr'ja. [Rules for the organization of production and quality
control of medicinal products from plant materials]. Uchebnoe posobie. – SPb.: SpecLit, 367 p. ISBN: 9785299004779
18 Prior, RM et al., (2007) The polyacetylene falcarindiol with COX-1 activity isolated from Aegopodium podagraria L. //
Journal of ethnopharmcology. pp. 176-178. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.005
19 Rudall P.J. (2007) Anatomy of flowering plants: An introduction to structure and development. – 3d ed. // Cambridge University Press, 145 p. ISBN: 13: 978-0521692458
20 Stefanovic O., Comic L., Stanojevic D., Solujic-Sukdolak S. (2009) Antibacterial Activity of Aegopodium podagraria L.
extracts and interaction between extracts and antibiotics //Turk J Biol., vol 33, pp.145-150. doi:10.3906/biy-0810-21
21 Surangi W.P., Selena Y.S. (2014) Bioinformatic and biometric methods in plant morphology. doi: [10.3732/apps.1400071]
22 Tovchiga O.V., Gorbach T.V., Shtrygol' S.Ju., i dr. (2017) Jeffekty preparatov snyti obyknovennoj (Aegopodium podagraria
L.) i ih kombinacij s metforminom u krys s narushenijami lipidnogo i uglevodnogo obmena, vyzvannymi protamina sul'fatom [Effects preparations of goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L.) and their combinations with metformin in rats with disorders of lipid
and carbohydrate metabolism caused by protamine sulfate] // Obzory po klinicheskoj farmakologii i lekarstvennoj terapii. vol. 15,
no. 2, pp. 31–41. doi: 10.17816/RCF15231-41
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Kyrbassova, E. A., Dyuskalieva, G., Baitasheva, G. U., & Imanova, E. M. (2019). Biological and phytochemical features of underground organs of medicinal plants of the genus Aegopodium L. Experimental Biology, 78(1), 28–35. https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2019-1-1383
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