СТРУКТУРА И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ МАТРИКСНЫХ МЕТАЛЛОПРОТЕИНАЗ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/eb.2021.v87.i2.03Аннотация
Матриксные металлопротеиназы (ММП) - это группа ферментов, ответственных за расщепление коллагена и белка во внеклеточном матриксе (ЭКМ). Коллаген является основным структурным компонентом соединительной ткани, и его деградация является важным процессом в развитии, ремоделировании и восстановлении тканей. Семейство ММП делится на 6 групп: коллагеназы, желатиназы, стромелизины, матрилизины, мембранные ММП и неклассифицированные ММП. ММП и ингибиторы ММП (ММПИ) имеют несколько биологических функций на стадиях развития рака. MMPs и MMPI широко изучаются как потенциальные противоопухолевые препараты. Необходимость селективных и метаболически стабильных ММП и ингибиторов ММП определили влияние их активности на биологические системы. В частности, взаимосвязь ММП с иммунной системой выявило потенциальные возможности применения ингибиторов ММП в терапии. Как известно, степень инвазивного роста и метастазирование опухолевых клеток определяются их способностью расщеплять все структуры ЭКМ экстраклеточного матрикса – это могут только ММП. Важно отметить, что ECM влияет на поведение как раковых клеток, так и стромальных, эндотелиальных и иммунных клеток окружающей среды. Фундаментально важная роль ECM - динамичность во время гомеостаза тканей и способность регулировать активацию иммунных клеток.
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