Скрининг штаммов микромицетов, перспективных для стимуляции роста сельскохозяйственных культур
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2019-3-b4Аннотация
Одним из актуальных направлений развития интенсивного земледелия является разработка микробных биотехнологий, способствующих экологизации сельскохозяйственного производства. Микроорганизмы способны стимулировать рост и развитие растений с помощью различных прямых и опосредованных механизмов. Интерес к таким микроорганизмам связан с возможностью их применения для повышения урожайности агрокультур, улучшения качества сельскохозяйственной продукции, восстановления плодородия почв и т.д. В настоящей работе изучены биотехнологически ценные свойства 848 штаммов микромицетов (653 изолята мицелиальных грибов и 195 дрожжей), выделенных из агроценозов зерновых, кормовых и масличных культур Казахстана. Выявлены штаммы, способные продуцировать фиотгормоны ауксины и гидролитические ферменты, обладающие способностью к фосфат-мобилизации, проявляющие целлюлозолитическую и антагонистическую активности, а также устойчивость к тяжелым металлам. В результате проведенного скрининга отобрано 44 штамма, продемонстрировавших наибольшую активность и обладающих сразу несколькими ценными свойствами. Предпосевная обработка семян данными штаммами (в 35 случаях из 44) привела к стимулирующему эффекту, выражающемуся в повышении всхожести семян и увеличении морфометрических параметров 14-дневных проростков ячменя. В результате было отобрано 35 штаммов для дальнейшего детального исследования их свойств и возможности применения для стимуляции роста сельскохозяйственных культур.
Ключевые слова: микромицеты, ростстимулирующая активность, фитогормоны, фосфат-мобилизация, антагонизм
Библиографические ссылки
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2. Dixon G.R., Tilston E.L. Soil microbiology and sustainable crop production. Netherlands: Springer; 2010.
3. Kim Y.C., Leveau J., McSpadden Gardener B.B., Pierson E.A. (2011) The multifactorial basis for plant health promotion by plant-associated bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol., vol. 77(5), pp. 1548–55.
4. Vessey J.K. (2003) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant Soil, vol. 255, pp.571–86.
5. Martínez-Viveros O., Jorquera M.A., Crowley D.E., Gajardo G., Mora M.L. (2010) Mechanisms and practical considerations involved in plant growth promotion by rhizobacteria. J. Soil Sci Plant Nutr., vol. 10(3), pp. 293–319.
6. Vessey J.K. (2003) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant Soil, vol. 255, pp. 571–86.
7. Spaepen S. (2015) Plant Hormones Produced by Microbes. In: Lugtenberg B. (eds) Principles of Plant-Microbe Interactions. Springer, Cham
8. Shi T.Q., Peng H., Zeng S.Y., Ji R.Y., Shi K., Huang H., Ji X.J. (2017) Microbial production of plant hormones: Opportunities and challenges. Bioengineered., vol. 8(2), pp. 124–128
9. Adesemoye A., Torbert H., Kloepper, J. (2008). Enhanced plant nutrient use efficiency with PGPR and AMF in an integrated nutrient management system. Can. J. Microbiol., vol. 54, pp. 876–86.
10. Richardson A.E., Barea J.M., McNeill A.M., Prigent-Combaret C. (2009) Acquisition of phosphorus and nitrogen in the rhizosphere and plant growth promotion by microorganisms. Plant Soil, vol. 321, pp. 305–339.
11. Budania K., Yadav J. (2014) Effects of PGPR blended biochar and different levels of phosphorus on yield and nutrient uptake by chickpea. Ann. Agric. Bio Res., vol. 19, pp. 408–412.
12. Satyavir S.S., Phour M., Choudhary S.R.,Chaudhary D. (2014) Phosphorus cycling prospects of using rhizosphere microorganisms for improving phosphorus nutrition of plants. Geomicrobiol. Biogeochem., vol. 39, pp.199-237
13. Johri A.K., Oelmüller R., Dua M., Yadav V., Kumar M., Tuteja, N., et.al. (2015) Fungal association and utilization of phosphate by plants: success, limitations, and future prospects. Frontiers in microbiology, vol. 6, pp. 984.
14. Meena K.K., Sorty A.M., Bitla U.M., Choudhary K., Gupta P., Pareek, A. et.al. (2017) Abiotic Stress Responses and Microbe-Mediated Mitigation in Plants: The Omics Strategies. Frontiers in plant science, vol. 8, pp. 172.
15. Enebe M.C., Babalola O.O. (2019) The impact of microbes in the orchestration of plants’ resistance to biotic stress: a disease management approach. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol., vol. 103, pp. 9.
16. Rajkumar M, Sandhya S, Prasad M.NV, Freitas H. (2012) Perspectives of plant-associated microbes in heavy metal phytoremediation. Biotechnol Adv, vol. 30, pp.1562–1574
17. Compant S, Duffy B, Nowak J, Clément C. (2005) Use of plant growth-promoting bacteriafor biocontrol of plant diseases: principles, mechanisms of action, and futureprospects. Appl Environ Microbiol., vol. 71(9), pp. 4951–9.
18. Narayanasamy P. (2013) Mechanisms of Action of Fungal Biological Control Agents. In: Biological Management of Diseases of Crops. Progress in Biological Control, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht
19. Whipps J.M. (2001) Microbial interactions and biocontrol in the rhizosphere. J Exp Bot., vol.52, pp.487- 511.
20. Choudhary D.K., Prakash A., Johri, B.N. (2008). Induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants: mechanism of action. Indian journal of microbiology, vol. 47(4), pp. 289–297.
21. Pieterse C.M., Zamioudis C., Berendsen R.L., Weller D.M., Van Wees S.C., Bakker P.A. (2014) Induced systemic resistance by beneficial microbes. Annu Rev Phytopathol., vol. 52, pp. 347-75.
22. Glickmann E., Dessaux Y. (1995) A critical examination of the specificity of the Salkowski reagent for indolic compounds produced by phytopathogenic bacteria. Applied and environmental microbiology, vol. 61(2), pp. 793–796.
23. Jayadi M., Baharuddin, Ibrahim B. (2013) In vitro selection of rock phosphate solubility by microorganism from Ultisols in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, vol. 1(4), pp. 68-73
24. Yoon J.H., ParkтJ.E., Suh D.Y., Hong S.B., Ko S.J., Kim S.H. (2007) Comparison of dyes for easy detection of extracellular cellulases in fungi. Mycobiology, vol. 35(1), pp. 21–24
25. Oladipo O.G., Awotoye O.O., Olayinka A., Bezuidenhout C.C., Maboeta M.S. (2018) Heavy metal tolerance traits of filamentous fungi isolated from gold and gemstone mining sites. Braz J Microbiol., vol. 49(1), pp. 29-37.
26. Collins C., Grange J., Lyne P. Microbiological Methods. – 8th Edition. - London:Hodder Arnold, 2004. – 480 p.
27. Ariffin Z.Z., Ahmad M.S., Pepi R., Noor Z.M. (2016) Proteolytic fungi from virgin forest. Jurnal Teknologi, vol. 78(6-7), pp. 37-41
28. Saryono, Piska F, Sari N., Pratiwi N.W., Ardhi A. (2018) Morphological identification and hydrolytic enzyme producing abilities of fungi associated with wilting banana plants (Musa sp.). Res J Chem Environ., pp. 79-86.
29. Spaepen S., Vanderleyden J., Remans R. (2007) Indole-3-acetic acid in microbial andmicroorganism-plant signaling. FEMS Microbiol., vol. 31, pp. 425–48.
30. Schulz S., Brankatschk R., Dumig A., Kogel-Knabner I., Schloter M., Zeyer J. (2013) The role of microorganisms at different stages of ecosystem development for soil formation. Biogeosciences, vol.10, pp. 3983–9
31. Khalid M., Yang W.J., Kishwar N., Rajput Z. I., Arijo, A. G. (2006). Study of cellulolytic soil fungi and two nova species and new medium. Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B, vol. 7(6), pp. 459–466.
32. Gadd, G.M. (1992) Metals and microorganisms: A problem of definition. FEMS Microbiol Lett., vol.100 (1-3), pp. 197-204.
33. Savary S., Ficke A., Aubertot J., Hollier C. (2012). Crop losses due to diseases and their implications for global food production losses and food security. Food Security, vol. 4(4), pp. 519-537.
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Опубликован
2020-10-15
Выпуск
Раздел
БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ
