Характеристика ранневесенних растительных сообществ с участием редких видов в Жонгар-Алатауском национальном парке
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2019-3-b2Аннотация
В статье представлены результаты исследований ранневесенних растительных сообществ, проведенных в мае 2018 г. в Жонгар-Алатауском национальном парке. Были выявлены места обитания растений из Красной книги Казахстана: Aquilegia vitalii, Fritillaria pallidiflora, Adonis tianschanica, Malus sieversii, Malus niedzwetzkyana, Paeonia anomala, Crocus alatavicus, Tulipa brachystemon, Tulipa patens. Среди них к узким эндемикам относятся Aquilegia vitalii, Tulipa brachystemon. Растительные сообщества с участием редких видов относятся луговому, кустарниковому, лесному типам растительности, распространены на лугах горных склонов и ущелий в сочетании с мелколиственными и хвойными лесами, петрофитными кустарниковыми зарослями по каменистым склонам. Для каждого редкого вида определена приуроченность к высотному поясу, растительному сообществу и фитоценотическая роль.
Выявлен редкий вид, который имеет ограниченное распространение на северном макросклоне Жетысуского Алатау, прострел колокольчатый (Pulsatilla campanella). Вид не имеет широкого площадного распространения, образует разреженные популяции в поясе темнохвойных лесов и лугов. Уязвим в связи с тем, что активно используется в народной медицине. Рекомендуется включить прострел колокольчатый в региональную Красную книгу.
Ключевые слова: Жетусуский Алатау, раннецветущие виды, редкие растения, высотная поясность, растительные сообщества.
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4. Danilov MP, Veselova P.V., Kudabayeva G.M. (2016) Spisok vidov sosudistyih rasteniy floryi GNPP «Altyin-Emel» [List of species of vascular plants of the flora of GNPP "Altyn-Emel"]. Proceedings of the state national natural park "Altyn-Emel", Almaty, vol. 2, pp. 63-118.
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6. Dimeyeva Liliya, Sitpayeva Gulnara, Ussen Kapar, Orlovsky Leah, Ablaikhanov Elshat, Islamgulova Anastasia, Zhang YuanMing, Zhang, J., Suleimenova N. (2016) Meadow vegetation of the Zhetysu Alatau Mountains. Applied ecology and environmental research, 14 (4), pp. 375-398.
7. Dzhangaliev A.D. (1977) Dikaya yablonya Kazahstana [Wild apple tree of Kazakhstan]. Alma-Ata, Science of the Kazakh SSR, 1977, 284 p.
8. Fisher J., Simon N., Vincent J. (1969) The Red book: wildlife in danger. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Survival Service Commission, London, Collins, 363 p.
9. Flora Kazakhstana (1956, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966) [Flora of Kazakhstan] / Pod red. N. V. Pavlova, Alma-Ata, Izd-vo AN Kazakhskoy SSR, vol. 1., 354 p;. vol. 2. 292 p.; vol. 3, 460 p.;. vol.. 4, 548 p.; vol. 5, 515 p.; vol. 6, 465 p.; vol. 7, 497 p; vol. 8, 447 p.; vol. 9, 640 p.
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11. Goloskokov V.P. (1984) Flora Dzhungarsogo Alatau [Flora Dzhungar Alatau], Nauka, Alma-Ata. – 224 p.
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15. http://www.plantarium.ru
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23. Krasnaya kniga respubliki Uzbekistan (2009) [Red Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan].Tashkent, T. 1. Rasteniya i griby, 356 p.
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26. Melanie Bilz, Shelagh P. Kell, Nigel Maxted and Richard V. (2011) Lansdown European Red List of Vascular Plants. Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union, 130 р.
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28. Ogar N.P. (2018) Yablonya Siversa [Apple Sievers]. Almaty, Polidey, 200 p.
29. Özhatay N., Koçyiğit M., Yüzbaşıoğlu S., Gürdal B. (2013) Mediterranean flora and its conservation in Turkey: with special reference to Monocot geophytes. Flora Mediterranean, vol. 23, pp. 195-208.
30. Polevaia geobotanika (1959-1976) [Field geobotany]. M., L., Science. In 5 volumes: 1: 498, 2: 500, 3: 530, 4: 336. 5: 320.
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32. Popova O.A. (2011) Adaptatsionnye osobennosti rannevesennikh rannetsvetushchikh rasteny Vostochnogo Zabaykalya [Adaptation features of early spring early-flowering plants of Eastern Transbaikalia]. Uchenye zapiski ZabGGPU, № 1 (36), pp. 102-110.
33. Rubtsov N.I. (1948) Rastitelny pokrov Dzhungarskogo Alatau [Vegetation cover of Dzhungar Alatau] – AN KazSSR, Alma-Ata. -183 p.
34. Shklyar A.Kh. (1967) Kalendar prirody Belarusi [Calendar of nature of Belarus]. Minsk, 272 p.
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36. Sitpayeva G.T., Vesselova P.V., Koudabayeva G.M. Tulipes sauvagesdu Kazakhstan // Plante à découvrir. Hommes & Plantes. – No 79. – 2011. – P. 36-41.
37. Sokolov S.I., Assing I.A., Kurmangaliyev A.B., Serpikov S.K. (1962) Pochvy Alma-Atinskoy oblasti [Soils of the Alma-Ata region]. Alma-Ata, Izd-vo AN KazSSR, vol. 4, 424 p.
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40. Vershinina O. M. (2007) Lesnye rastitelnye soobshchestva parkov petergofskoy dorogi [Forest Vegetative Communities of the Peterhof Road Park]: avtoref. diss. kand. biol.nauk, Sankt-Peterburg, 215 p.
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2020-10-15
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