Resistance of pear cultivars to unfavorable abiotic factors of clay desert of Central Kasakhstan

Abstract

The extremely adverse abiotic factors for fruit plants are low prolonged temperatures of the winter period with little snow cover and a heat and dryness of air during the summer period in the conditions of a sub band of northern clay desert of Central Kazakhstan. The research main objective was the evaluation of pear cultivar resistance to low long temperatures of a winter period and a heat and dryness of air during a summer period. Modern pear cultivars that are hybrids of Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim. and P. communis L. are capable to be grown up in severe climatic conditions. The estimation of 10 pear cultivars to drought and 23 pear cultivar to winter hardiness was conducted in the Zhezkazgan Botanical Garden. Results of research have shown that Krasulja and Chizhovskaya which are hybrids of Ussuriiskaya pear and Common pear are resistance to adverse winter and summer factors of the arid zone of Central Kazakhstan.