ТРАНСГЕННЫЕ РАСТЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ФИТОРЕМЕДИАЦИИ

Abstract

It was reviewed the literature in recent years about the potential use of transgenic plants to phytoremmediation soils contaminated by heavy metals. The possibility of obtaining a number of plant transformants with increased ability to accumulate in intracellular structures (mainly in the vacuoles) and in the intercellular space of conjugates of endogenous compounds with toxicants was shown. Genetic engineering research works to improve the metal accumulation ability of plants are conducting intensively, especially in recent years. Manipulation of the expression of enzymes like as γ-glytamyl -Cys-synthetase involved in the synthesis of glutathione and phytochelatins can be an excellent approach for improving plant resistance, as phytochelatins synthase enzyme may not be a limiting factor for the synthesis of phytochelatins by constitutive expression in plants. Regulation of glutathione synthesis promotes the accumulation of heavy metals and increase the tolerance of the transgenic plants. The possibility of using gene of the enzyme glutathione-S-transferase to create transgenic plants it was shown.