Cовременный макрозообентос р. Илек с притоками на территории Актюбинской области Казахстана
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2019-1-1400Аннотация
Актуальность изучения макрозообентоса аридной реки Илек, протекающей на территории Актюбинской области и являющейся притоком трансграничной р. Урал, обусловлена проблемой сохранения биоразнообразия Казахстана. Цель работы заключалась в исследовании количественных показателей, таксономического состава и структуры макрозообентоса в гидролого-гидрохимических условиях аридной реки Илек с притоками в Актюбинской области Казахстана в период 2015-2017 гг. Ведущие методы исследования включали определение частоты встречаемости таксонов, численности, биомассы и состава макрозообентоса. Были рассчитаны информационные индексы структуры доминирования, разнообразия и выравненности видов. По результатам наблюдений макрозообентос водоемов и рек включал 24 таксона. По численности и биомассе доминировали Chironomidae. Выявлена связь между уровнем биомассы макрозообентоса и минерализацией вод. Практическая значимость сведений о макрозообентосе р. Илек может быть выражена в использовании для оценки кормовой базы рыб, сапробности, антропогенного влияния, экологического анализа природы Актюбинской области, для комплексного оценивания состояния экосистемы р. Урал. Изучение современного состояния макрозообентоса р. Илек с притоками на территории Актюбинской области проводилось в рамках гранта МОН РК №5004/ГФ4 «Оценка состояния биоразнообразия ручейников (Trichoptera) водоемов Казахстана» в 2015-2017 гг.
Ключевые слова: макрозообентос, биоразнообразие, структура доминирования, условия обитания, гидрохимический режим.
Библиографические ссылки
1 Alpejsov Sh. A., Grishaeva O. V., Evseeva A. A., Krajnyuk V. N., Kushnikova L. B., Pilin D. V., Sklyarova O. N., Smirnova
D. A., Timirkhanov S. R., Epova Yu. V. (2017) Ruchejniki (Trichoptera) Kazaxstana [Caddis flies (Trichoptera) of Kazakhstan].
Almaty. Kazakhskij nacionalnyj agrarnyj universitet, 396 p.
2 Bakanov A. I. (2003) Present-Day state of zoobenthos in the Upper Volga Reservoirs. Water Resources. vol. 30. no 5. pp.
559-568.
3 Choi1 J. W., Seo1 J. Y., An S. (2013) The Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Its Temporal Change on the Gapo
Artificial Tidal Flat in Masan Bay, Korea. Open Journal of Marine Science. vol. 3. pp. 190-200.
4 Dzhubanova O. A. 2008. Fiziko-geograficheskaya kharakteristika transgranichnoj reki Ural [Physiographic characteristic of
cross-border Ural River]. Geografiya obshhestva. Uralsk. pp. 59-62.
5 Evseeva A. A. (2010) Rezultaty gidrobiologicheskogo obsledovaniya transgranichnykh vodotokov Vostochnogo Kazaxkh-
stana v 2009 godu [Results of hydrobiological inspection of cross-border water currents of East Kazakhstan in 2009]. Materialy
nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Regionalnyj komponent v sisteme ekologicheskogo obrazovaniya i vospitaniya». Ust-Kamenogorsk. pp. 129-134.
6 Evseeva A. A., Kushnikova L. B. (2017) Biologicheskij kontrol kachestva vody kak odna iz sostavlyayushhikh v sisteme
monitoringa transgranichnykh vodotokov [Biological quality control of water as one of the cross-border water currents making
in the system of monitoring]. Trudy III Vserossijskoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Transgranichnye vodnye i ekologicheskie problemy Sibiri i Centralnoj Azii». Barnaul. pp. 13-26.
7 Furey P. C., Nordin R. N., Mazumder A. (2006) Littoral benthic macroinvertebrates under contrasting drawdown in a reservoir and a natural lake. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. vol. 25. no 1. pp. 19-31.
8 Gallardo В., Dolédec S., Paillex A., Arscott D. B., Sheldon F., Zilli F., Mérigoux S., Castella E., Comín F. A. (2014) Re-
sponse of benthic macroinvertebrates to gradients in hydrological connectivity: a comparison of temperate, subtropical, Mediterranean and semiarid river floodplains. Freshwater Biology. vol. 59. pp. 630-648.
9 Hakiki T. F., Setyobudiandi I., Sulistiono S. (2017) Macrozoobenthos community structure in the estuary of Donan River,
Cilacap, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Omni-Akuatica. vol. 13, no 2. pp. 163-179.
10 Ivanov V. D. (2011) Caddisflies of Russia: Fauna and biodiversity. Zoosymposia. vol. 5. pp. 171-209.
11 Kenzhebaev A. Zh., Magrickij D. V., Evstigneev V. M., Yumina N. M., Shkolnyj D. I., Ermakova G.S., Pokhorskaya V. P.
(2017) Zakonomernosti, ocenki i faktory sovremennykh i budushhikh izmenenij stoka i vodnogo rezhima rek v bassejne r. Zhajyk
(Ural) [Regularities, estimates and factors of modern and future changes of a drain and the water mode of the rivers in the basin of the
Zhayyk River (Ural)]. Trudy III Vserossijskoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Transgranichnye vodnye i ekologicheskie
problemy Sibiri i Centralnoj Azii». Barnaul. pp. 27-39.
12 Kenderov L., Dashinov D., Kanev E., Lyubomirova L., Uzunova E. (2017) Ecological status of upper part of Iskar river
catchment according regulation N4 based on macrozoobenthos and fish fauna. Ecological Engineering and Environment Protection.
vol. IX. pp. 32-38.
13 Krasheninnikov A. B. (2011) Mounting technique of entomological preparations in sandarac medium. Euroasian Entomological Journal. vol. 10 (3). pp. 283-284.
14 Malicky H. (1986) Die kӧcherfliegen (Trichoptera) des Iran und Afganistans. Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft
Ӧsterreichischer Entomologen. Wien. vol. 38. p. 8.
15 Malicky H. (2004) Atlas of European Trichoptera. Springer. 385 p.
16 Opredelitel presnovodnykh bespozvonochnykh Rossii i sopredelnykh territorij [Determinant of freshwater invertebrates of
Russia and adjacent territories]. (1995) Sankt-Peterburg. Nauka. vol. 1. 396 p.
17 Orel (Zorina) O. V., Istomina A. G., Kiknadze I. I., Zinchenko T. D., Golovatyuk L. V. (2014) Redescription of larva, pupa
and imago male of Chironomus (Chironomus) salinarius Kieffer from the saline rivers of the Lake Elton basin (Russia), its karyotype
and ecology. Zootaxa. vol. 3841 (4). pp. 528-550.
18 Pawhestri S. W., Hidayat J. W., Putro S. W. (2015) Assesment of water quality using macrobenthos as bioindikator and its
aplication on abundance-biomass comparison (ABC) curves. International Journal of Science Education. vol. 8 (2). pp. 84-87.
19 Petrakov I. A. (2015) Kachestvo poverkhnostnykh vod na territorii Respubliki Kazakhstan za 2015 god [Quality of a surface
water in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2015]. Obzor vodnogo komponenta informacionnogo byulletenya Departamenta Ekologicheskogo monitoringa RGP «Kazgidromet» «O sostoyanii okruzhayushhej sredi Respubliki Kazakhstan za 2015
god». Astana. 131 p.
20 Pilin D. V. (2012) Sravnitelnaya ocenka ryboxozyajstvennyx vodoemov Zapadno-Kazaxstanskoj oblasti po znacheniyam
estestvennoj kormovoj bazy bentoyadnyx ryb [Comparative assessment of fishery reservoirs of the West Kazakhstan region on values of a natural food supply of fishes]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Evrazijskaya integraciya: rol
nauki i obrazovaniya v realizacii innovacionnyx programm». Uralsk. Part 1. pp. 93-97.
21 Pilin D. V., Alpejsov Sh. A. (2017) Fauna ruchejnikov reki Zhajyk [Fauna of caddis flies of the Zhayyk River]. Izvestiya
Nacionalnoj Akademii nauk. Seriya agrarnyx nauk. no 4. pp. 6-9.
22 Pilin D. V., Oskina A. A. (2017) Fauna soobshhestv zoobentosa Uralo-Kaspijskoj orositelno-obvodnitelnoj sistemy (SeveroZapadnyj Kazakhstan) [Fauna of communities of a zoobenthos Uralo-Kaspiysky irrigating обводнительной systems (Northwest
Kazakhstan)]. Sbornik nauchnyx trudov: Entomologicheskie i parazitologicheskie issledovaniya v Povolzhe. Saratov. no 17. pp.
30-34.
ISSN 1563-0218; eISSN 2617-7498 Experimental Biology. №1 (78). 2019 127
Гришаева О.В. и др.
23 Rozenberg G. S., Gelashvili D. B. (2013) 100 osnovnykh ekologicheskikh problem: vzglyad iz Velikobritanii [100 main
environmental problems: a look from Great Britain]. Mezhdisciplinarnyj nauchnyj i prikladnoj zhurnal «Biosfera». vol. 5. no 4. pp.
374-382.
24 Sejtkasymova G. Zh. (2016) Ocenka kachestva prirodnoj sistemy «poverkhnostnaya voda-pochva» na primere r. Irgiz Aktyubinskoj oblasti [Assessment of quality of the natural system "surface water soil" on the example of the Irgiz settlement in the
Aktobe region]. Gigiena truda i medicinskaya ekologiya. no 1 (50). pp. 77-80.
25 Sharapova L. I., Falomeeva A. P. (2006) Metodicheskoe posobie pri gidrobiologicheskikh rybokhozyajstvennykh issledovaniyakh vodoemov Kazakhstana (plankton, zoobentos) [Methodical grant at hydrobiological fishery researches of reservoirs of
Kazakhstan (plankton, zoobenthos).]. Almaty. 28 p.
26 Shitikov V. K.. Rozenberg G. S.. Zinchenko T. D. (2003) Kolichestvennaya gidroekologiya [Quantitative hydroecology].
– Toliatti, 463 p. – URL: http://www.ievbras.ru/ecostat/Kiril/Library/Book1/Content243/Content243.htm (date of the address
22.02.2019).
27 Shitikov V. K., Zinchenko T. D., Golovatyuk L. V. (2004) Assessing surface water quality based on indicator zoobenthos
species. Water Resources. vol. 31. no 3. pp. 323-332.
28 Sivokhip Zh.T. (2016) Ustojchivoe vodopolzovanie kak faktor gidroekologicheskoj bezopasnosti v transgranichnom bassejne r. Ural [Steady water use as a factor of hydroenvironmental safety in the cross-border basin of the Ural River]. Vestnik Orenburg-
skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. no 7(195). pp. 78-84.
29 Wolf A. T., Stahl К., Macomber M. F. (2003) Conflict and cooperation within international river basins: the importance of
institutional capacity. Water Resources Update. vol. 125. pp. 31-40.
30 Yakovleva A. V., Yakovlev V. A. (2011) Impact of Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena bugensis on structure of zoobenthos
in the upper reaches of the Kuybyshev Reservoir (Russia). Russ. J. Biol. Invas. vol. 2. no 4. pp. 312-319.
31 Zinchenko, T. D., Gladyshev, M. I., Makhutova, O. N. (2014) Saline rivers provide arid landscapes with a considerable
amount of biochemically valuable production of Chironomid (Diptera) larvae. Hydrobiologia. no 722. pp. 115-128.
32 Zinchenko T. D., Golovatyuk L. V., Abrosimova E. V., Popchenko T. V. (2017) Macrozoobenthos in Saline Rivers in the
Lake Elton Basin: Spatial and Temporal Dynamics. Inland Water Biology. vol. 10. no 4. pp. 384-398.
33 Zinchenko T. D., Golovatyuk L. V., Abrosimova E'. V. (2017) Vidovoe raznoobrazie donnykh soobshhestv solenykh rek v
eksremalnykh prirodnykh usloviyakh aridnogo regiona Prieltonya [A specific variety of ground communities of the salty rivers in an
extreme environment of the arid region Prieltonya]. Russkij zhurnal prikladnoj ekologii. pp. 14-21.
34 Zinchenko T. D., Shitikov V. K. (1999) Hydrobiological monitoring as a basis of typology of small rivers in Samara region.
Izv. Samar. Nauch. Tsentra, Ross. Akad. Nauk. vol. 1. no 1. pp. 118-127
D. A., Timirkhanov S. R., Epova Yu. V. (2017) Ruchejniki (Trichoptera) Kazaxstana [Caddis flies (Trichoptera) of Kazakhstan].
Almaty. Kazakhskij nacionalnyj agrarnyj universitet, 396 p.
2 Bakanov A. I. (2003) Present-Day state of zoobenthos in the Upper Volga Reservoirs. Water Resources. vol. 30. no 5. pp.
559-568.
3 Choi1 J. W., Seo1 J. Y., An S. (2013) The Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Its Temporal Change on the Gapo
Artificial Tidal Flat in Masan Bay, Korea. Open Journal of Marine Science. vol. 3. pp. 190-200.
4 Dzhubanova O. A. 2008. Fiziko-geograficheskaya kharakteristika transgranichnoj reki Ural [Physiographic characteristic of
cross-border Ural River]. Geografiya obshhestva. Uralsk. pp. 59-62.
5 Evseeva A. A. (2010) Rezultaty gidrobiologicheskogo obsledovaniya transgranichnykh vodotokov Vostochnogo Kazaxkh-
stana v 2009 godu [Results of hydrobiological inspection of cross-border water currents of East Kazakhstan in 2009]. Materialy
nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Regionalnyj komponent v sisteme ekologicheskogo obrazovaniya i vospitaniya». Ust-Kamenogorsk. pp. 129-134.
6 Evseeva A. A., Kushnikova L. B. (2017) Biologicheskij kontrol kachestva vody kak odna iz sostavlyayushhikh v sisteme
monitoringa transgranichnykh vodotokov [Biological quality control of water as one of the cross-border water currents making
in the system of monitoring]. Trudy III Vserossijskoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Transgranichnye vodnye i ekologicheskie problemy Sibiri i Centralnoj Azii». Barnaul. pp. 13-26.
7 Furey P. C., Nordin R. N., Mazumder A. (2006) Littoral benthic macroinvertebrates under contrasting drawdown in a reservoir and a natural lake. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. vol. 25. no 1. pp. 19-31.
8 Gallardo В., Dolédec S., Paillex A., Arscott D. B., Sheldon F., Zilli F., Mérigoux S., Castella E., Comín F. A. (2014) Re-
sponse of benthic macroinvertebrates to gradients in hydrological connectivity: a comparison of temperate, subtropical, Mediterranean and semiarid river floodplains. Freshwater Biology. vol. 59. pp. 630-648.
9 Hakiki T. F., Setyobudiandi I., Sulistiono S. (2017) Macrozoobenthos community structure in the estuary of Donan River,
Cilacap, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Omni-Akuatica. vol. 13, no 2. pp. 163-179.
10 Ivanov V. D. (2011) Caddisflies of Russia: Fauna and biodiversity. Zoosymposia. vol. 5. pp. 171-209.
11 Kenzhebaev A. Zh., Magrickij D. V., Evstigneev V. M., Yumina N. M., Shkolnyj D. I., Ermakova G.S., Pokhorskaya V. P.
(2017) Zakonomernosti, ocenki i faktory sovremennykh i budushhikh izmenenij stoka i vodnogo rezhima rek v bassejne r. Zhajyk
(Ural) [Regularities, estimates and factors of modern and future changes of a drain and the water mode of the rivers in the basin of the
Zhayyk River (Ural)]. Trudy III Vserossijskoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Transgranichnye vodnye i ekologicheskie
problemy Sibiri i Centralnoj Azii». Barnaul. pp. 27-39.
12 Kenderov L., Dashinov D., Kanev E., Lyubomirova L., Uzunova E. (2017) Ecological status of upper part of Iskar river
catchment according regulation N4 based on macrozoobenthos and fish fauna. Ecological Engineering and Environment Protection.
vol. IX. pp. 32-38.
13 Krasheninnikov A. B. (2011) Mounting technique of entomological preparations in sandarac medium. Euroasian Entomological Journal. vol. 10 (3). pp. 283-284.
14 Malicky H. (1986) Die kӧcherfliegen (Trichoptera) des Iran und Afganistans. Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft
Ӧsterreichischer Entomologen. Wien. vol. 38. p. 8.
15 Malicky H. (2004) Atlas of European Trichoptera. Springer. 385 p.
16 Opredelitel presnovodnykh bespozvonochnykh Rossii i sopredelnykh territorij [Determinant of freshwater invertebrates of
Russia and adjacent territories]. (1995) Sankt-Peterburg. Nauka. vol. 1. 396 p.
17 Orel (Zorina) O. V., Istomina A. G., Kiknadze I. I., Zinchenko T. D., Golovatyuk L. V. (2014) Redescription of larva, pupa
and imago male of Chironomus (Chironomus) salinarius Kieffer from the saline rivers of the Lake Elton basin (Russia), its karyotype
and ecology. Zootaxa. vol. 3841 (4). pp. 528-550.
18 Pawhestri S. W., Hidayat J. W., Putro S. W. (2015) Assesment of water quality using macrobenthos as bioindikator and its
aplication on abundance-biomass comparison (ABC) curves. International Journal of Science Education. vol. 8 (2). pp. 84-87.
19 Petrakov I. A. (2015) Kachestvo poverkhnostnykh vod na territorii Respubliki Kazakhstan za 2015 god [Quality of a surface
water in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2015]. Obzor vodnogo komponenta informacionnogo byulletenya Departamenta Ekologicheskogo monitoringa RGP «Kazgidromet» «O sostoyanii okruzhayushhej sredi Respubliki Kazakhstan za 2015
god». Astana. 131 p.
20 Pilin D. V. (2012) Sravnitelnaya ocenka ryboxozyajstvennyx vodoemov Zapadno-Kazaxstanskoj oblasti po znacheniyam
estestvennoj kormovoj bazy bentoyadnyx ryb [Comparative assessment of fishery reservoirs of the West Kazakhstan region on values of a natural food supply of fishes]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Evrazijskaya integraciya: rol
nauki i obrazovaniya v realizacii innovacionnyx programm». Uralsk. Part 1. pp. 93-97.
21 Pilin D. V., Alpejsov Sh. A. (2017) Fauna ruchejnikov reki Zhajyk [Fauna of caddis flies of the Zhayyk River]. Izvestiya
Nacionalnoj Akademii nauk. Seriya agrarnyx nauk. no 4. pp. 6-9.
22 Pilin D. V., Oskina A. A. (2017) Fauna soobshhestv zoobentosa Uralo-Kaspijskoj orositelno-obvodnitelnoj sistemy (SeveroZapadnyj Kazakhstan) [Fauna of communities of a zoobenthos Uralo-Kaspiysky irrigating обводнительной systems (Northwest
Kazakhstan)]. Sbornik nauchnyx trudov: Entomologicheskie i parazitologicheskie issledovaniya v Povolzhe. Saratov. no 17. pp.
30-34.
ISSN 1563-0218; eISSN 2617-7498 Experimental Biology. №1 (78). 2019 127
Гришаева О.В. и др.
23 Rozenberg G. S., Gelashvili D. B. (2013) 100 osnovnykh ekologicheskikh problem: vzglyad iz Velikobritanii [100 main
environmental problems: a look from Great Britain]. Mezhdisciplinarnyj nauchnyj i prikladnoj zhurnal «Biosfera». vol. 5. no 4. pp.
374-382.
24 Sejtkasymova G. Zh. (2016) Ocenka kachestva prirodnoj sistemy «poverkhnostnaya voda-pochva» na primere r. Irgiz Aktyubinskoj oblasti [Assessment of quality of the natural system "surface water soil" on the example of the Irgiz settlement in the
Aktobe region]. Gigiena truda i medicinskaya ekologiya. no 1 (50). pp. 77-80.
25 Sharapova L. I., Falomeeva A. P. (2006) Metodicheskoe posobie pri gidrobiologicheskikh rybokhozyajstvennykh issledovaniyakh vodoemov Kazakhstana (plankton, zoobentos) [Methodical grant at hydrobiological fishery researches of reservoirs of
Kazakhstan (plankton, zoobenthos).]. Almaty. 28 p.
26 Shitikov V. K.. Rozenberg G. S.. Zinchenko T. D. (2003) Kolichestvennaya gidroekologiya [Quantitative hydroecology].
– Toliatti, 463 p. – URL: http://www.ievbras.ru/ecostat/Kiril/Library/Book1/Content243/Content243.htm (date of the address
22.02.2019).
27 Shitikov V. K., Zinchenko T. D., Golovatyuk L. V. (2004) Assessing surface water quality based on indicator zoobenthos
species. Water Resources. vol. 31. no 3. pp. 323-332.
28 Sivokhip Zh.T. (2016) Ustojchivoe vodopolzovanie kak faktor gidroekologicheskoj bezopasnosti v transgranichnom bassejne r. Ural [Steady water use as a factor of hydroenvironmental safety in the cross-border basin of the Ural River]. Vestnik Orenburg-
skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. no 7(195). pp. 78-84.
29 Wolf A. T., Stahl К., Macomber M. F. (2003) Conflict and cooperation within international river basins: the importance of
institutional capacity. Water Resources Update. vol. 125. pp. 31-40.
30 Yakovleva A. V., Yakovlev V. A. (2011) Impact of Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena bugensis on structure of zoobenthos
in the upper reaches of the Kuybyshev Reservoir (Russia). Russ. J. Biol. Invas. vol. 2. no 4. pp. 312-319.
31 Zinchenko, T. D., Gladyshev, M. I., Makhutova, O. N. (2014) Saline rivers provide arid landscapes with a considerable
amount of biochemically valuable production of Chironomid (Diptera) larvae. Hydrobiologia. no 722. pp. 115-128.
32 Zinchenko T. D., Golovatyuk L. V., Abrosimova E. V., Popchenko T. V. (2017) Macrozoobenthos in Saline Rivers in the
Lake Elton Basin: Spatial and Temporal Dynamics. Inland Water Biology. vol. 10. no 4. pp. 384-398.
33 Zinchenko T. D., Golovatyuk L. V., Abrosimova E'. V. (2017) Vidovoe raznoobrazie donnykh soobshhestv solenykh rek v
eksremalnykh prirodnykh usloviyakh aridnogo regiona Prieltonya [A specific variety of ground communities of the salty rivers in an
extreme environment of the arid region Prieltonya]. Russkij zhurnal prikladnoj ekologii. pp. 14-21.
34 Zinchenko T. D., Shitikov V. K. (1999) Hydrobiological monitoring as a basis of typology of small rivers in Samara region.
Izv. Samar. Nauch. Tsentra, Ross. Akad. Nauk. vol. 1. no 1. pp. 118-127
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Как цитировать
Grishayeva, O. V., Kaliyeva, K. B., & Yerekeyeva, G. S. (2019). Cовременный макрозообентос р. Илек с притоками на территории Актюбинской области Казахстана. Вестник КазНУ. Серия биологическая, 78(1), 116–127. https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2019-1-1400
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