Влияние засухи на ростовые параметры и пигментный комплекс линий пшеницы, полученных от межвидовых скрещиваний
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/eb-2018-3-1345Аннотация
Недостаток влаги является ключевым стрессором в условиях глобального изменения климата. Лучшему пониманию процесса адаптации растений к условиям засухи может помочь изучение влияния отношений ядро-цитоплазма.
Целью работы был анализ изменения ростовых параметров и пигментного комплекса проростков гибридов и аллоплазматических линий пшеницы, полученных в результате межвидовых скрещиваний, при воздействии индуцированной засухи. Исследовали 10-дневные проростки, выращенные в оптимальных и стрессовых условиях, моделируемых в водной культуре. Спектрофотометрически в спиртовых экстрактах определяли содержание хлорофилла и каротиноидов листовых пластинок. Показано, что изменение активности роста проростков определяется не только активностью корневой системы в условиях засухи, но может быть связано с оптимизацией в работе фотосинтетического аппарата. Отмечено, что комбинация ядра и цитоплазмы, принадлежащих разным видам, могут, как улучшить, так и ухудшить важные физиологические параметры стрессоустойчивости и фотосинтетической активности. Идентифицированы наиболее толерантные к засухе аллоплазматические линии D-d-05 b, D-b-05, D-41-05 и наиболее чувствительные формы – аллолиния D-f-05 и гибрид А1.
Ключевые слова: пшеница, межвидовые гибриды, аллоплазматические линии, засухоустойчивость, фотосинтез
Библиографические ссылки
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Chaves MM, Flexas J, Pinheiro C (2008) Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell. Annals of Botany 103 (4): 551-560
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Veselov D.S. Growth by extension and water metabolism in water deficit conditions, Author’s abstract of dissertation of Dr. Boil. Sci., SEI Bashkir State Univ., Ufa, - 2009, p. 47.
Munns R., James R.A., Läuchli A. Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals, Journal of Experimental Botany 57 (2006). -Р.1025-1043.
Aroca R., Porcel R., Ruis-Lozano J. M. Regulation of Root Water Uptake under Drought Stress Conditions. 2011 J Exp Bot 63(1): P.43-57 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err266.
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Fotovat R, Valizadeh M. and Toorchi M. Association between water-use efficiency components and total chlorophyll content (SPAD) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under well-watered and drought stressconditions // Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment – 2007. Vol.5 (3&4): - Р. 225-227
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Шимкевич А.М., Макаров В.Н., Голоенко И.М., Давыденко О.Г. Функциональное состояние фотосинтетического аппарата у аллоплазматических линий ячменя // Экологическая генетика. – 2006. – Т.4. №2. - С.37-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ecogen4237-42.
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Палилова А.Н. Влияние плазмона на признаки, определяющие продуктивность аллоплазматических линий пшеницы // Цитология и генетика. – 1986, Т.20. № 3. С – 224-229.
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Khailenko NA, Sedlovskiy AI (2003) Development of Alloplasmic Lines of Spring Soft Wheat and Study of Their Resistance to Leaf Rust. 38(3-4): - P.267-273
Udovenko G.V. Diagnostics stability of plant resistance to stress. 1988. Methodical guidance edited by, Leningrad, VIR: 89 p.
Lichtenthaler H. K. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Method Enzymol148: 1987. - P. 350-382 https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(87)48036-1.
Удольская Н.Л. Введение в биометрию. – Алма-Ата, 1976. – 85 с.
Veselov D.S. Growth by extension and water metabolism in water deficit conditions, Author’s abstract of dissertation of Dr. Boil. Sci., SEI Bashkir State Univ., Ufa, - 2009, p. 47.
Munns R., James R.A., Läuchli A. Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals, Journal of Experimental Botany 57 (2006). -Р.1025-1043.
Aroca R., Porcel R., Ruis-Lozano J. M. Regulation of Root Water Uptake under Drought Stress Conditions. 2011 J Exp Bot 63(1): P.43-57 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err266.
Gewin V. An Underground Revolution. (2010) Food: Nature, 466, - P.552-553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/466552a.
Жолкевич В.Н. Энергетика дыхания высших растений в условиях водного дефицита, Mосква: Наука, 1968.; C – 211-213
Kramer P.J., Boyer J.S. Water Relations of Plants and Soils, New York: Academic, 1995.;lum, A., Crop Responses to Drought and the Interpretation of Adaptation, Plant Growth Regul., 1996, vol. 20. -Р. 135–148.
Efeoglu B., Ekmekci Y., Cicek N. Physiological responses of three maize cultivars to drought stress and recovery. South African, 2009. J. Bot., 75: Р. 34–42
Ronzhina E.S. Structural and functional changes of mesophyll as a possible cause of cytokinin-dependent transport of substances in the leaves isolated. Plant Physiol. – 2004. – V. 51 (3). – P. 373-382
Barry P., Evershed R., Young A., Prescott M.C., Britton G. Characterization of carotenoid acyl ester produced in drought-stressed barley seedlings. Phyto-Chemistry. – 1992., 9: Р. 3163-3168.
Xian-He J, Wang J, Guo H, Liang F. Effects of water stress on photochemical function and protein metabolism of photosystem II in wheat leaves. Physiol Plant. – 1995., 93: Р. 771-777.
Fotovat R, Valizadeh M. and Toorchi M. Association between water-use efficiency components and total chlorophyll content (SPAD) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under well-watered and drought stressconditions // Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment – 2007. Vol.5 (3&4): - Р. 225-227
Gaballah M.S., Abou B., Leila H., El-Zeiny A., Khalil S. Estimating the performance of salt stressed sesame plant treated with antitranspirants. J. Applied Sci. – 2007. Res., 3: - Р. 811-817.
Akram N.A., Ashraf M. Improvement in growth, chlorophyll pigments and photosynthetic performance in salt-stressed plants of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by foliar application of 5-aminolevulinic acid. Agrochimica. – 2011. – V. 55. – P. 94-104;
Santos C.V. Regulation of chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation by salt stress in sunflower leaves. Sci Hort103: - 2004. – Р.93-99 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2004.04.009.
Mauchamp A, Mèthy M. Submergence-induced damage of photosynthetic apparatus in Phragmites australis. Environ Exp Bot51: -2004.– Р. 227–235 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2003.11.002.
Eckardt N.A. A new chlorophyll degradation pathway. Plant Cell21: - 2009. – Р.700. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.109.210313.
Rubin A.B. Mechanisms of regulation of primary processes of photosynthesis // Godnevskie tctenia – Minsk, 1999, - Р.5-25.
Шимкевич А.М., Макаров В.Н., Голоенко И.М., Давыденко О.Г. Функциональное состояние фотосинтетического аппарата у аллоплазматических линий ячменя // Экологическая генетика. – 2006. – Т.4. №2. - С.37-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ecogen4237-42.
Krinsky N.I., Antioxidant Functions of Carotenoids, Free Radical Biol. Med., 1989, vol. 7, pp. 617–635;
Edge R., McGarvey D.J. and Truscott T.G. The Carotenoids as Antioxidants—A Review, Photochem. Photobiol. Ser. Biol. – 1997. - vol. 41. – Р. 189–200.
Gruszecki W.I., Strzałka K., Does the Xanthophyll Cycle Take Part in the Regulation of Fluidity of the Thylakoid Membrane? Biochim. Biophys. Acta. – 1991. - vol. 1060. - Р. 310–314.
Nakamura C., Kasai K., Kubota Y., Yamagami C., Suzuki T., Mori N. Cytoplasmic diversity in alloplasmic common wheatswith cytoplasms of Triticum and Aegilops revealed by photosyntheticand respiratory characteristics. - 1991. Jpn J Genet 66: - Р.471–483.
Hodaei M., Rahimmalek M., Arzani A. Plasmon analysis in wheat alloplasmic lines using morphological and chloroplast microsatellite markers. Plant Syst Evol – 2014. 300: - Р.1137–1145. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-013-0951-2
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2018-11-17
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ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И БИОХИМИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ
